OBJECTIVES To estimate the rate of seatbelt and child seat use in drivers and passengers of motor vehicles in four metropolitan areas in Mexico (Guadalajara, León, Monterrey and Mexico City). To evaluate the impact of the Mexican Initiative for Road Safety (IMESEVI) in this respect. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data were collected at the start of IMESEVI (June 2008) and one year after the program's i...

Accelerated urbanization and industrialization have led to an alarming increase in the rate of accidental injuries, crime and violence in India. An unprecedented increase in the number of vehicles has outpaced the development of adequate roads and highways. India has 1% of the motor vehicles in the world, but bears the burden of 6% of the global vehicular accidents. It is well recognized that o...

PROBLEM Every year numerous occupational fatalities result from pedestrians being struck by motor vehicles intruding into work zones. METHOD Attributes of retroreflective personal safety garments on pedestrian conspicuity at night were assessed in a field study. Using instrumented vehicles on a closed track, participants drove through simulated work zones attempting to detect pedestrians loca...

Historical fears of toxic fumes from motor vehicles and industrial sources, and anecdotal reports among ART scientists of diminished success rates associated with building renovations, have now been confirmed and expanded into a solid evidence base. The earliest peer-reviewed publication on such issues was by Cohen et al. (1997) and led to the development of various products designed specifical...

INTRODUCTION Seat belt use reduces the risk of injuries and fatalities among motor vehicle occupants in a crash, but belt use in rear seating positions is consistently lower than front seating positions. Knowledge is limited concerning factors associated with seat belt use among adult rear seat passengers. METHODS Data from the 2012 ConsumerStyles survey were used to calculate weighted percen...

The recent decades have witnessed a fast rising number of motor vehicles. As a result traffic becomes more congested and streets become more risky. Temptations of widely varied communication and entertainment applications even make drivers more over-burdened and distracted. To relieve the continually increasing stress of drivers and reduce the number of accidents, current intelligent vehicle re...

BACKGROUND Recent efforts to pass rear seat belt laws for adults have been hampered by large gaps in the scientific literature. This study examines driver, vehicle, crash, and passenger characteristics associated with mortality in rear-seated adult passengers. METHODS The Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) 2010 to 2011 was used to examine motor vehicle occupant mortality in rear-seated...

The use of restraints in motor vehicles is less common in minority and low-income populations than in the general population. A preliminary survey of Hispanic preschool-aged children in west Dallas, Tex, conducted in 1997 showed much lower child restraint use (19% of those surveyed) than among preschool children of all races in the rest of the city (62%). Because there are few reports of succes...

OBJECTIVE To explain a reduction in pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes in Arkhangelsk, Russia, in 2005-2010. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective ecological study. METHODS For 2005-2010, police data on pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes, traffic violations, and total motor vehicles (MVs) were combined with data on changes in national road traffic legislation and municipal road infrastructure. Negative bi...

The desirable goal in passenger transportation is moving more people in fewer vehicles. This goal, in respect of road transport, can be attained by encouraging public transport modes like buses by assigning priority. This paper is concerned with the conceptual framework of a micro simulation model of highly heterogeneous traffic flow and application of the model to study the impact of exclusive...