Cyclosporin A prevents visceralization of Leishmania major infection of BALB/c mice (N. C. Behforouz, C. D. Wenger, and B. A. Mathison, J. Immunol. 136:3067-3075, 1986; W. Solbach, K. Forberg, E. Kammerer, C. Bogdan, and M. Rollinghoff, J. Immunol. 134:702-707, 1986). We report that cyclosporin A exacerbates disseminated leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani in C57BL/10 mice. Normal mice challeng...

A 52-year-old male farm worker from Ceará state, northeast Brazil, presented with a 4-month history of skin lesions. Lesions appeared first on the face and legs, than spread across much of his body, including the genitalia, soles of feet, and scalp. He reported daily fevers for the first 2 weeks of illness. On examination the patient had 178 lesions of different sizes and aspects; ulcerated, cr...

BACKGROUND In Ecuador, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is prevalent countrywide, but only one case of diffuse-CL and two cases of disseminated-CL were experienced during our research activities more than 30 years from 1982 to date. These three patients suffered from multiple lesions distributed at a wide range of the body surface, revealing difficulty to clinically differentiate each other. METH...

Dermatological disorders are among the most prevalent manifestations of HIV infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this review, we aimed to characterize various dermatologic presentations HIV-infected patients with a detailed categorization mucocutaneous signs and symptoms, their etiopathogenic factors, clinical management. fact, cutaneous quite various, ranging from AIDS-speci...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Parasites of the subgenus Leishmania (Viannia) cause varying clinical symptoms ranging from cutaneous leishmaniases (CL) with single or few lesions, disseminated CL (DL) with multiple lesions to disfiguring forms of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). In this population genetics study, 37 strains of L. (V.) guyanensis, 63 of L. (V.) braziliensis, four of L. (V.) shawi, six ...

Histoplasmosis is caused by a dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum in endemic areas, mainly America, Africa, and Asia. In India, it is being reported from most states; however, it is endemic along the Ganges belt. We report a case of an apparently immunocompetent male who presented with 3-month history of fever, cough, and weight loss with recent onset odynophagia and had hepatosplenomegaly ...

The immunological mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to disseminated visceral parasitism of mononuclear phagocytes in patients with kala-azar remain undefined. Resistance and susceptibility are correlated with distinct patterns of cytokine production in murine models of disseminated leishmanial disease. To assess lesional cytokine profiles in patients with kala-azar, bone marrow aspirates...

A 46 year-old man, agriculturist, presented with an eight-month history of skin lesions all over his body. Patient did not refer systemic symptoms; however he was a heavy alcoholic drinker until three months after the beginning of disease, when he stopped drinking. Physical exam was inconspicuous except for multiples skin lesions (papular, crusted or ulcerated) on face, trunk (Panels A and B), ...

During the past decade, there has been an increase in the number of patients with disseminated leishmaniasis (DL), which is characterized by a large number of acneiform and papular skin lesions, with very few or no parasites in the skin tissue. The present report describes 42 cases of DL identified between 1992 and 1998 in an area where Leishmania braziliensis transmission is endemic; 8 of the ...

BACKGROUND Disseminated leishmaniasis (DL) is a severe and emerging form of American tegumentary leishmaniasis, associated primarily with infection by Leishmania brasiliensis. DL is defined by the presence of ≥10 mixed-type lesions such as inflammatory papules and ulcers, located in ≥2 body parts. Most patients have hundreds of lesions all over the body, and mucosal involvement is detected in u...