maqamat-e hamidi (by hamid al-din abu-bakr balkhi, died in 1164) is the first persian maqam. although it has adopted the manner of maqamat-e badiʾ al-zaman hamedani and maqamat-e hariri it has gotten a special position in the history of maqamas. one of the important properties of maqama is its musical and harmonic tone. this article tries to analyze pun, as one of the basic literary industries ...

“euclid’s elements” begins by an introduction into definitions, postulates and common notions; the postulates are presented in the science of geometry by euclid without any or explanations. however, regarding the significance of postulates which is the fundamental to geometrical proving and solving geometrical theorems, some translators and interpreters of euclid’s elements provide explanation ...

Este cunoscut că metoda sol gel este una din metodele neconvenţionale de obţinere a pulberilor ceramice. În studiul realizat s-a avut în vedere obţinerea şi caracterizarea de nanopulberi de Al2O3 prin metoda sol-gel, aceasta putand fi un potential material utilizat la realizarea de implanturi biocompatibile.[1,2,3,4] In vederea sintezei s-a pornit de la precursori de natură chimică diferită – a...

aristotle took per impossibile as a form of hypothetical syllogism which was composed of a syllogistic and a non-syllogistic part. but he didn’t express the relation between these two parts clearly. alexander of aphrodisias and philoponus didn’t add any specific comments to aristotle’s view. al-farabi believed that per impossible includes three deductions: two categorical syllogisms and one exc...

naqib al-mamalek shirazi, the court storyteller of naser al-din shah, has composed two tales: amir arsalan and malek jamshid. naqib created amir arsalan for naser al-din shah and retold it to him frequently, but he composed malek jamshid in a different condition. this essay attempts to study stylistic differences between the two texts. the goal is to show the role of textural factors and the ci...