The use of relative humidity control of protein crystals to overcome some of the shortcomings of soaking ligands (i.e. inhibitors, substrate analogs, weak ligands) into pre-grown apoprotein crystals has been explored. Crystals of PurE (EC 4.1.1.21), an enzyme from the purine-biosynthesis pathway of Bacillus anthracis, were used as a test case. The findings can be summarized as follows: (i) usin...

A dual-purpose sample-trapping column is introduced for the capacity enhancement of proteome analysis in on-line two-dimensional nanoflow liquid chromatography (strong cation-exchange chromatography followed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography) and tandem mass spectrometry. A home-made dual trap is prepared by sequentially packing C18 reversed-phase (RP) particles and SCX resin in a silica ...

Modern approaches to automatic control of crude oil dewatering and desalting are predominantly model-free, described model-based systems lack precise mathematical description. Not a single research provides dynamic input-output model for electric dehydrator, suitable system development. As far as which is the main plant in process, non-linear with distributed parameters, need linearization aris...

Preparation and labeling of proteins. The preparation of GroEL-SR1, GroES, fluorescently labeled rhodanese and cyclophilin A has been described previously (1, 2). Table S1 summarizes the sequences of the variants used in this study. For carbamidomethylation of donorand acceptor labeled Rho, we transferred the corresponding Rho-variant into 8M Urea, 0.6 M TrisHCl, 5mM EDTA, 0.01% Tween 20 pH8 (C...

Water uptake by mangrove trees can result in salt accumulation in sediment around roots, negatively influencing growth. Tidal pumping facilitates salt release and can be enhanced by crab burrows. Similarly, flushing of burrows by incoming tidal water decreases sediment salinity. In contrast to burrows with multiple entrances, the role of burrows with one opening for salinity reduction is largel...

The properties of fibrinogen extracted by a precipitation method using glycine at ambient temperatures near neutral pH are described. The simple and reproducible method gives a 73% yield of high purity plasminogen-free fibrinogen in 45 minutes from small volumes of plasma. The protein extract was labelled with 125I using chloramine-T under conditions optimal for fibrinogen stability. The extrac...

DENT (1) introduced paper chromatography for tile ilivestigatioll of amino-aciduria in 1948. However, his one-dimensional system yielded inadequate separation, and his two-dimensional method required 3 days. Since then, technics utilizing gas chromatography (2-4), thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, and high voltage electrophoresis (5-7) have been published for tile determination ...

MS analysis of antibodies at the protein and peptide levels is critical during development and production of biopharmaceuticals. The compositions of current generation therapeutic proteins are often complex due to their heterogeneity caused by various modifications which are relevant for their efficacy. Intact proteins analyzed by ESI-MS are detected in higher charge states that also provide mo...

Biological informational polymers such as nucleic acids have the potential to provide unambiguous evidence of life beyond Earth. To this end, we are developing an automated in situ life-detection instrument that integrates nucleic acid extraction and nanopore sequencing: the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Genomes (SETG) instrument. Our goal is to isolate and determine the sequence of nucleic acid...