OBJECTIVE To evaluate dentists' treatment choices for a crowned tooth with varying degrees of recurrent caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 158 dentists participated in the study. A paper patient case (PPC) depicting a radiograph showing varying degrees of recurrent caries at the crown margin was used: PPC1 = small carious lesion away from crown margin; PPC2 = small carious lesion at cro...

This paper presents CROWN, an automatically constructed extension of WordNet that augments its taxonomy with novel lemmas from Wiktionary. CROWN fills the important gap in WordNet’s lexicon for slang, technical, and rare lemmas, and more than doubles its current size. In two evaluations, we demonstrate that the construction procedure is accurate and has a significant impact on a WordNet-based a...

The synergistic effect of 18-crown-6 derivatives, such as 18-crown-6 (18C6), cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6) and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6), on the extraction of trivalent lanthanoids (Ln(3+)) into an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (Htta) was investigated. The extractability of lighter Ln(3+) was enhanced by ad...

How to cite this article: Manthi FK, Plavcan JM, Ward CV. New hominin fossils from Kanapoi, Kenya, and the mosaic evolution of canine teeth in early hominins. S Afr J Sci. 2012;108(3/4), Art. #724, 9 pages. http:// dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajs. v108i3/4.724 Whilst reduced size, altered shape and diminished sexual dimorphism of the canine–premolar complex are diagnostic features of the hominin clade,...

Introduction: Since crown lengthening surgery could be accompanied by stress, pain and discomfort, knowledge about its predisposing factors could reduce the demands for such surgery.The aim of this study was to identify the most important indications of crown lengthening surgery in order to present new ideas to clinicians on how to reduce the need for this surgery. Methods: This cross-sectio...

In a 4-year study, we investigated changes in leaf physiology, crown morphology and whole-tree biomass allocation in seedlings and saplings of shade-tolerant sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and intermediate shade-tolerant yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) growing in natural understory light (0.5 to 35% of full sunlight) or in understory light reduced by 50% with shade nets to simu...

The ratio of live crown length to tree height (crown ratio; CR) is often used as an important predictor variable for tree level growth equations, particularly for multi-species and multi-layered stands. Also, CR indicates tree vigour and can be an important habitat variable. Measurement of CR for each tree can be time-consuming and difficult to obtain in very dense stands and for very tall tree...

Studies on tooth crown size and structure in families and in individuals with various sex chromosome anomalies have demonstrated differential direct effects of the human X and Y chromosome genes on growth. The Y chromosome promotes both tooth crown enamel and dentin growth, whereas the effect of the X chromosome on crown growth seems to be restricted to enamel formation. Enamel growth is decisi...