This article analyzes the recent and growing phenomenon of right-to-health litigation in Brazil from the perspective of health equity. It argues that the prevailing model of litigation is likely worsening the country's already pronounced health inequities. The model is characterized by a prevalence of individualized claims demanding curative medical treatment (most often drugs) and by a high su...

Cost-benefit analysis is analyzed using a model of agency delegation. In this model an agency observes the state of the world and issues a regulation, which the president may approve or reject. Cost-benefit analysis enables the president to observe the state of the world (in one version of the model), or is a signal that an agency may issue (in another version). The roles of the courts, Congres...

The scandal of medical witnesses being retained on opposite sides in courts of law and crivin" what looks like partisan evidence is often the subject of remark and sneer, and it is mooted that if medical men cited as witnesses by opposing litigants were to meet in consultation before thecase came into court and were to arrive at some sort of agreement regarding the fact and the opinion founded ...

The paper discusses the changing profile of the “judge” as a centre of nearly every legal culture in history. In the pre-modern eras the identity or distances between kings, priests and judges are decisive as indicators of the political model. Since the late 18th century the judge in European countries gets more and more a profile as an independent third function in the modern constitutional mo...