Intracoronary administration of acetylcholine or efferent vagal stimulation causes coronary vasodilation in dogs. However, in baboons it has been reported that intracoronary acetylcholine results in a fall in coronary blood flow and that stimulation of the vagi is without effect. The dose response of intracoronary acetylcholine and the effect of efferent vagal stimulation on the coronary circul...

In anesthetized dogs with the chest open, supramaximal stimulation of the left cardiac sympathetic nerves at 2 and 4 Hz produced an increase of 40-50% in ventricular contractile force (CF) and of 40-65% in coronary sinus blood flow. At these frequencies of stimulation, norepinephrine (NE) overflow into the coronary sinus was 29.8 +/- 5.1 (SE) and 54.9 +/- 13.2 ng/min, respectively. Concurrent, ...

In nine patients with severe left ventricular failure caused by coronary artery disease or congestive cardiomyopathy, left ventricular pressure, cardiac output, coronary sinus blood flow, and myocardial substrate extraction were measured before and during infusion of sodium nitroprusside. Infusion of 55 ,ug/min reduced left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures, peripheral resistance...

• The Kety-Schmidt method for measurement of regional blood flow was first applied to the heart by Eckenhoff et al. These investigators employed coronary sinus catheterization to measure myocardial blood flow with nitrous oxide. The use of a radioactive gas and an external detector for the measurement of organ blood flow was investigated by Conn, Lewis et al., and Lassen et al. The radioactive ...

The echocardiographic features of the enlarged coronary sinus are described in eight patients with a left superior vena cava draining to the coronary sinus and two patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the coronary sinus. The diagnosis was confirmed in each patient by cardiac catheterization and surgery. On the M-mode echocardiogram, a dense echo was present posterior to ...

BACKGROUND Albunex is a recently developed ultrasonic contrast agent made from sonicated human serum albumin. The effects on left ventricular hemodynamics, function, and coronary sinus flow of intracoronary Albunex in humans have not been reported. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighteen patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease were examined at the time of coronary arteriography with sim...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the feasibility of coronary sinus flow velocity analysis by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography for estimation of coronary flow reserve in patients with syndrome X and patients with coronary artery disease. BACKGROUND Coronary flow reserve provides useful information in patients with coronary artery disease and patients with syndrome X. Current m...

In the experimental animal the basic and controversial problem was studied of the influence of cardiac contraction on coronary blood flow. Normally beating hearts were perfused at a constant pressure, and coronary inflow and outflow were determined. In order to assess the role of systole, prolonged periods of ventricular asystole and fibrillation were induced and observations were made of the c...

In the experimental animal the basic and controversial problem was studied of the influence of cardiac contraction on coronary blood flow. Normally beating hearts were perfused at a constant pressure, and coronary inflow and outflow were determined. In order to assess the role of systole, prolonged periods of ventricular asystole and fibrillation were induced and observations were made of the c...

• The development of catheterization and indicator dilution techniques has made it possible to measure the volume of circulating blood within many organs in the intact animal. Hirche and Lochner injected measured amounts of dye into the coronary arteries of dogs and recorded the subsequent time course of dye concentration in blood from the coronary sinus. From this single curve both coronary bl...