For the fifth consecutive year, payments to beneficiaries in 1988 under workers’ compensation programs in the United States rose more than 10 percent from the previous year, reflecting increases in average wages and medical costs and in the number of employed workers, Workers’ compensation programs provided about $30.8 billion in cash and medical benefits to persons with job-related disabilitie...

BACKGROUND Motor vehicle crashes (MVC) are associated with diminished mental health, and furthermore, evidence suggests the process of claiming compensation following an MVC further increases distress and impedes recovery. However, further research is required on why the compensation process is stressful. The aim of the current study is twofold. The first is to investigate whether the interacti...

Soaring executive compensation during the past two decades has sparked an interest in CEO and other top management pay. We add a long-term perspective to this trend by constructing the first panel dataset to follow the compensation of top executives in large firms from 1936 to the present. The average real value of total compensation experienced three distinct phases: a sharp decline during Wor...

When assessing a pay-for-performance arrangement, the following factors should be considered: Existence and/or size of minimum savings threshold before savings are allocated. Savings allocation percentage available to physicians. Benchmarks used to measure quality against past performance and/or medical evidence. Ways in which quality outcomes are measured and paid for. Per member per month pay...

Designing fair compensation mechanisms for demand response (DR) is challenging. This paper models the problem in a game theoretic setting and designs a payment distribution mechanism based on the Shapley Value. As exact computation of the Shapley Value is in general intractable, we propose estimating it using a reinforcement learning algorithm that approximates optimal stratified sampling. We a...

Public and private sector activities often bring about undesired income-distributional effects, and these give rise to considerations of ways to compensate the losers. When "lump-sum" compensation is not possible, "second-best" compensation arrangements need to be identified and evaluated. The term "compensation" is often used to mean explicit payments from those who gain from a policy change, ...

Workers' compensation provides cash benefits and medical care to employees who are injured on the job and survivor benefits to the dependents of workers whose deaths result from work-related incidents. Workers' compensation programs in the 50 states and the District of Columbia and federal programs together paid $56.0 billion in medical and cash benefits in 2004, an increase of 2.3 percent over...

About 93.1 million workers were covered under workers' compensation laws in 1988--an increase of 11 percent from the 1984 total. Benefit amounts totaled $30.7 billion--an increase of about 56 percent since 1984. Of the total payments made under the workers' compensation program, $17.6 billion went to disabled workers, $1.6 billion to their survivors, and $11.5 billion for medical care. The Soci...

To address devastating environmental crises and to improve human well-being, China has been implementing a number of national policies on payments for ecosystem services. Two of them, the Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) and the Grain to Green Program (GTGP), are among the biggest programs in the world because of their ambitious goals, massive scales, huge payments, and potentially en...

n engl j med 368;22 nejm.org may 30, 2013 2052 small-value gifts.5 The discrepancy between data sets also raises the possibility that some qualifying payments were not reported to the Massachusetts database. The federal Physician Payment Sunshine Act will soon require manufacturers to report most payments to physicians and teaching hospitals on a national level. Recently released rules indicate...