OBJECTIVE To describe the pattern and prevalence of food and drink advertisements to children on commercial television in Sydney, Australia, and compare these with advertising regulations set out in the Children's Television Standards and results from a similar study in 2002. DESIGN Data were collected by recording television from 06.00 hours until 23.00 hours on all three commercial channels...

Process modelling for the purposes of equipment design, simulation or evaluation has been carried out in the sugar industry using a range of different techniques. Methods employed in the past have included the development of specialised simulation tools using computer programming languages or spreadsheets. Some use has also been made of commercial flowsheeting packages, as well as the SUGARS so...

Seven commercial brands of malt drinks were analyzed for reducing sugar, protein, minerals, vitamins A, vitamin C, oxalate, phytate and hydrogen cyanide. The malt drinks were found to contain substantial amounts of reducing sugar ranging from 603.66 to 943.45 mg/dl. Vitamins A and C were present in adequate amounts with respect to RDA requirements, whereas, low values were found for protein, ir...

The potential for improvedmanagement of Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by Cercospora beticola, using the herbicide glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant sugar beet varieties was investigated. Controlled field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine if glyphosate and glyphosateefungicide combinations improved the management of CLS in four commercial varieties of glyphosate-resi...

The self-adhesive potential of nanocellulose from aqueous cellulosic suspensions is of interest with regard to a potential replacement of synthetic adhesives. In order to evaluate the performance of microfibrillated cellulose from different (ligno-)cellulosic raw materials for this purpose, softwood and hardwood powder were fibrillated and compared to sugar beet pulp as a representative non-woo...

We studied the influence of molecular structural elements of alkyl polyglycoside (APG) surfactants on the interfacial tension (IFT) in aqueous formulations against n-octane. This included the analysis of alkyl and aryl chain length, type and number of sugar-ring head, anomers, addition of cosolvents and effect of salt addition. We found that longer alkyl or aryl chains lead to lower IFT, consis...

A study was done on the feasibility of inulin, a fructooligosaccharides with the health benefits of prebiotic, as partial sugar replacer in “kaya” by investigating the effects of different substitution levels (0%; control, 10%, 30% and 50%) on the sensory properties. The samples were investigated by 10 descriptive panelists for colour, sweetness, smoothness, firmness, adhesiveness and spreadabi...

Saccharum spp. (Sugarcane) is an important cash crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is valuable mainly because of its ability to store high concentrations of sucrose, or sugar, in the stem and more recently for the production of ethanol, which is an important renewable biofuel source [1,2]. Globally, sugarcane is an important source of commercial sugar accountin...

This research examined several enzymatic and microbial process for the conversion of waste cellulosic fibers into ethanol. The first was a one-stage process in which pulp fines were contacted with commercial enzyme solutions. The second process used sequential, multistage saccharification. The third used sequential enzyme addition in a countercurrent mode. Experiments compared the results with ...