The role of solution chemistry (cation charge and concentration) and particle size on colloid transport was examined in an intact monolith of fractured shale saprolite (highly weathered rock). Recovery of the microsphere tracers consistently decreased with increasing ionic strength of either mono- (Na+) or divalent- (Ca2+) dominated solutions, but a much greater concentration of Na+ in the infl...

Therapeutic and subtherapeutic use of veterinary drugs has increased the risk of residue contamination in animal food products. Antibiotics such as tetracycline are used for mastitis treatment of lactating cows. Milk expressed from treated cows before the withdrawal period has elapsed may contain tetracycline residue. This study developed a simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) met...

UNLABELLED Although the distribution of various crystalloid and colloid solutions at equilibrium has been well established, the acute peak expansion of intravascular volume that can be achieved with the rapid administration of crystalloid or colloid is unknown. We studied eight healthy male subjects in a two-part crossover trial designed to assess the maximal increase in intravascular volume ac...

Nanofluidic devices can now be manufactured with a slit-like geometry whose charged walls are 50-1000 nm wide. Through these slits, large charged macromolecules at very low concentration suspended in electrolytes can flow and be analyzed and separated based on their charge and other properties. To study such a system and to compute the flow of these colloidal macromolecules, the equilibrium dis...

The adsorption of surfactants from dilute oil solutions on to solid surfaces is studied as a function of surface curvature and surface coverage. Coarse-grained molecular models, computer simulations, and umbrella sampling are used to compute the dependence of the free energy of adsorption on to a spherical colloid surface with radius R. It is shown that for fixed surface coverage, and with all ...

The modem concepts of colloid chemistry originated largely f rom a study of the precipitation of colloids by electrolytes, and this accounts, perhaps, for the fact that the tendency to form aggregates was considered the chief characteristic of colloids in solution. As a consequence it is assumed in the text-books of colloid chemistry that the ultimate units of a colloid in solution are not isol...

Powders of silver sulfide have been synthesized by chemical bath deposition from aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and sodium sulfide in the presence of sodium citrate or EDTA-H2Na2. Colloid solutions have been prepared by a chemical condensation method from the same aqueous solutions. Synthesized silver sulfide nanopowders have a monoclinic (space group P21/c) acanthite-type structure but th...

Methods for the restoration of circulating blood volume, including the use of intravenous fluids, have been widely discussed over many years. There are no clear guidelines regarding the type of solutions, the total volume that should be transfused, or time schedules. Colloid solutions, usually hydroxyethyl starch compositions, are probably the most commonly used volume expanders in resuscitatio...

introduction: the lymphatic system provides one of the main paths for the spread (metastasis) of cancer from one part of body to another. hodgkin’s diseases, lymphocytic leukemia, various metastatic disease and many lymph node disorders can be assessed by lymphoscintigraphy. radionuclide lymphoscintigraphy has been used for many years to define lymphatic drainage of melanoma. the most common ra...