Introduction. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare astrocytic cancer of the central nervous system that classified as grade II according to WHO score. It accounts for 1% primary brain tumors. mainly located in temporal lobe and belongs group tumors called long-term epilepsy associated Surgical tumor resection treatment choice.
 Brief description state knowledge. The non-invasive m...

Prior studies in breast cancer cells have shown that lapatinib and obatoclax interact in a greater than additive fashion to cause cell death and do so through a toxic form of autophagy. The present studies sought to extend our analyses to the central nervous system (CNS) tumor cells and to further define mechanisms of drug action. Lapatinib and obatoclax killed multiple CNS tumor isolates. Cell...

Factors influencing the host immune response to central nervous system (CNS) tumors are not yet well understood. This review will outline what is known about anti-tumor immune responses against CNS tumors and describe how advances in our knowledge of basic immunology may be applied to brain tumor immunotherapy. We will first focus on cellular immune system interactions involved in peripheral an...

AIM To visualize cranial nerves (CNs) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with special parameters. This study also involved the evaluation of preoperative estimates and intraoperative confirmation of the relationship between nerves and tumor by verifying the accuracy of visualization. MATERIAL AND METHODS 3T magnetic resonance imaging scans including 3D-FSPGR, FIESTA, and DTI were used to co...

NK cells represent a potent immune effector cell type that have the ability to recognize and lyse tumors. However, the existence and function of NK cells in the traditionally "immune-privileged" CNS is controversial. Furthermore, the cellular interactions involved in NK cell anti-CNS tumor immunity are even less well understood. We administered non-Ag-loaded, immature dendritic cells (DC) to CD...

Recent studies have shown that the brain is not a barrier to successful active immunotherapy that uses gene-modified autologous tumor cell vaccines. In this study, we compared the efficacy of two types of vaccines for the treatment of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS): dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines pulsed with either tumor extract or tumor RNA, and cytokine gene-modified tumor...

Amplification of the C19MC oncogenic miRNA cluster and high LIN28 expression has been linked to a distinctly aggressive group of cerebral CNS-PNETs (group 1 CNS-PNETs) arising in young children. In this study, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic specificity of C19MC and LIN28, and the clinical and biological spectra of C19MC amplified and/or LIN28+ CNS-PNETs. We interrogated 450 pediatric brai...

INTRODUCTION Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication following solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although extranodal involvement of PTLD is common, its isolated involvement in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. To date, primary CNS-PTLD has been reported in 13 patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT, but no cases ...

Abstract Novel treatment approaches for pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are urgently needed. A lack of patient-derived tumor cells impedes progress towards developing such new therapies. We intended to overcome this challenge by establishing methods create a biorepository viable single cell suspensions brain surgical specimens. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons tissue proce...

Brain stem glioma is one of the diseases CNS. It brain and spinal cord tumor. a type tumor caused when healthy cells in change increase abnormally forms mass that called as This may be malignant. grows spread other parts body. Glioma tumor, it from glial cell supportive brain. A 13 year old male patient presented neurology ward with chief complaint difficulty chewing swallowing food, drooping f...