Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is one of the problems in antibiotic treatment infections. Nanomedicines, such as chitosan (CS) can carry multiple drugs and improve therapeutic effects antibiotics. Objectives: This study aimed at synthesis characterization ciprofloxacin-loaded nanoparticles for eradication P. aeroginosa biofilm. Methods: Cipro-CS microparticles were prepared by ionic...

Appearance of bacteria resistant to antibacterial agents puts physicians in trouble and threatens the health of the world. The rapid development of bacterial resistance in Escherichia coli to ciprofloxacin makes difficult the treatment of infectious diseases. So, detection of the locations of possible mutations in gyrase A gene ( gyrA ) in these mutants is very important to determine the mech...

BACKGROUND Although optimization of the fluoroquinolone dosage increases the efficacy of this class of drugs against bacterial infections, its impact on the emergence of resistance in commensal bacteria is unknown. METHODS Six different 14-day dosages of oral ciprofloxacin were randomly assigned to 48 healthy volunteers. Individual pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters combining anti...

Intensive use of antimicrobial agents in health care settings not only leads to the selection of multiresistant nosocomial isolates of Staphylococcus aureus but may also promote endogenous, resistance-conferring mutations in bacterial genes that encode drug targets. We evaluated the spectrum of rifampin resistance-conferring mutations in cultures of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) or m...

Ciprofloxacin is the substrate for a multidrug resistance-related protein (MRP)-like multidrug transporter in J774 mouse macrophages, which also modestly affects levofloxacin but only marginally affects garenoxacin and moxifloxacin (J.-M. Michot et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:2429-2437, 2005). Two clones of ciprofloxacin-resistant cells were obtained by a stepwise increase in drug con...

With few novel antimicrobials in the pharmaceutical pipeline, resistance to the current selection of antibiotics represents a significant therapeutic challenge. Microbial persistence in subinhibitory antibiotic environments has been proposed to contribute to the development of resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures pretreated with subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin were found to...

OBJECTIVE To identify the main bacterial species associated with community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) and to assess the pattern of ciprofloxacin susceptibility among bacteria isolated from urine cultures. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study in all the patients with community-acquired UTI seen in Santa Helena Laboratory, Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil during five years (2010-2014)....

The Infectious Diseases Society of America advocates trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) as initial therapy for females with acute uncomplicated bacterial cystitis in settings where the prevalence of SXT resistance does not exceed 10 to 20%. To determine trends in the activities of SXT, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin among urine isolates of Escherichia coli from female outpatient...

OBJECTIVES Loop B is important for low-level quinolone resistance conferred by Qnr proteins. The role of individual amino acids within QnrS1 loop B in quinolone resistance and gyrase protection was assessed. METHODS qnrS1 and 11 qnrS1 alleles with site-directed Ala mutations in loop B were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and proteins were purified by affinity chromatography. Ciproflox...