The functional form of performance improvements has been extensively studied in speeded cognitive and motor tasks; in such tasks, reductions in response times have been characterized by the ubiquitous power law of learning or by a simpler exponential form. Performance improvements in perceptual capacities are also important in expertise, but their functional form is unknown. This study investig...

We present a survey of the results obtained by the authors on statistical description of dynamical chaos and the effect of noise on dynamical regimes. We deal with nearly hyperbolic and nonhyperbolic chaotic attractors and discuss methods of diagnosing the type of an attractor. We consider regularities of the relaxation to an invariant probability measure for different types of attractors. We e...

In this paper, we investigate the problem of non-fragile H∞ fuzzy control design for continuous Takagi Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with uncertainties, external disturbance and unmeasurable state variables. For the case of controller and observer gain additive variations, we propose a new solution of the fragility problem by developing the non-fragile design schemes ensuring the asymptotic stabil...

BACKGROUND We aimed to analyze the range of motion (ROM) and internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) isokinetic strength according to humeral retroversion of the dominant shoulder. METHODS We included 40 elite baseball players in Korea (OBP group: n=20 players with careers spanning >10 years, age: 19.37±2.21 years, height: 181.00±5.41 cm, weight: 84.58±7.85 kg; BBP group: n=20 playe...

This study aimed to describe the availability of advisory external defibrillators (AEDs) in Irish General Practice. The study utilised a computer generated random sample of Irish general practitioners and involved a postal questionnaire, with telephone follow up of non-responders. The cohort of GPs already known to possess an AED (via participation in the Merit Project) was excluded. 115 valid ...

This paper concerns the contribution of mentally simulated ocular exploration to generation of a visual mental image. In Exp. 1, repeated exploration of the outlines of an irregular decagon allowed an incidental learning of the shape. Analyses showed subjects memorized their ocular movements rather than the polygon. In Exp. 2, exploration of a reversible figure such as a Necker cube varied in o...

The aim of this paper is an analysis of Karl Marx’s account of social criticism. The paper opens with a distinction between two models of social criticism, Platonic and Socratic, present in the contemporary political philosophy. The main argument is that despite the contradictory character of the two models of criticism, they are both present in Marx’s account of criticism. Through the concept ...

Humans live and work in groups where they face similar, and often shared, problems, ranging from finding resources to avoiding external threats. To solve a problem at hand, they have to make sense of it and develop an accurate idea of a solution. The wisdom of crowds means that the average of a variety of inaccurate ideas, arrived at independently, is often very accurate, whereas social influen...