The study focuses on the assessment of chromosomal damage associated with folate and vitamin B12 deficiency, and with cigarette smoking in a tissue directly exposed to cigarette smoke (buccal mucosa) while controlling for potential confounding factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 39 current smokers (CSs) and 60 noncurrent smokers (NCSs). Buccal mucosal cells, saliva, and blood...

Several environmental pollutants can cause damage to chromosomes, one of which is the heavy metal NiNO3. Some plant extracts have antigenotoxic properties that result in a decrease chromosomal damage. Member flowering plants need be tested seagrass. One seagrass species Enhalus acoroides was found contain phytochemical compounds. This study aimed analyse genotoxic effect and potential encapsula...

BACKGROUND Secondary cultures of human fibroblasts display a finite lifespan ending at senescence. Loss of p53 function by mutation or viral oncogene expression bypasses senescence, allowing cell division to continue for an additional 10-20 doublings. During this time chromosomal aberrations seen in mitotic cells increase while DNA damage and decatenation checkpoint functions in G2 cells decrea...

BACKGROUND Pesticides are of concern in Bolivia because of increasing use. Frequent intoxications have been demonstrated due to use of very toxic pesticides, insufficient control of distribution and sale and little knowledge among farmers of protective measures and hygienic procedures. METHOD Questionnaires were applied and blood tests taken from 81 volunteers from La Paz County, of whom 48 w...

Ras mutations are frequent in thyroid tumors, the most common endocrine malignancy. The ability of Ras to transform thyroid cells is thought to rely on its mitogenic activity. Unexpectedly, acute expression of activated Ras in normal rat thyroid cells induced a DNA damage response, followed by apoptosis. Notably, a subpopulation of cells evaded apoptosis and emerged with features of transformat...

Checkpoint response to DNA damage involves the activation of DNA repair and G2 lengthening subpathways. The roles of nibrin (NBS1) and the ATM/ATR kinases in the G2 DNA damage checkpoint, evoked by endogenous and radio-induced DNA damage, were analyzed in control, A-T and NBS lymphoblast cell lines. Short-term responses to G2 treatments were evaluated by recording changes in the yield of chromo...

Food preservatives are unswervingly being used for prolonging the shelf life of food, often to increase aroma, taste and quality by food packaging industry. These pivotal in protecting from degradation deterioration micro-organisms. Two most commonly preservatives, viz. sodium nitrite (NaNO2) Monosodium glutamate (MSG) have been evaluated using root tips Allium cepa. Cytological studies plants ...

In this study, a group of 313 workers occupationally exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and 141 normal unexposed referents were examined for chromosomal damage using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay in peripheral lymphocytes. We explored the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln), MGMT(Leu84Phe) and hOGG1 (Ser326Cys) and su...

BACKGROUND The majority of human cancers arise from cells unable to maintain genomic stability. Recent prospective studies indicated that enhanced chromosomal aberrations (CAs) frequencies are predictive of gastrointestinal and lung cancers. However, studies on incident cancer patients are lacking; thus, we investigated chromosomal damage in newly diagnosed cancer patients and healthy individua...