The degradation of 100 nm effective channel length pMOS transistors with 14 A equivalent oxide thickness JVD Si3N4 gate dielectric under hot-carrier stress is studied. Interface-state generation is identified as the dominant degradation mechanism. Hot-carrier-induced gate leakage may become a new reliability concem. Hot-carrier reliability of 14 A Si3N4 transistors is compared to reliability of...

objective(s):solid dispersion formulation is the most promising strategy to improve oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 (pvp) and poloxamer-188 (plx) as carrier in solid dispersion formulations of celecoxib (clx). materials and methods: solid dispersions of clx:pvp or clx:plx were prepared at different r...

parasitic colitis, especially entamoeba histolytica, is a well-known disorder in the middle east particularly in iran. the carrier state of the disease or the chronic type frequently remains undiagnosed or mistaken as irritable bowel syndrome which results in further discomfort and increases the incidence of associated complain. we devised a technique by inserting bisacodyl suppository and then...

Carrier transport in modern nanoelectronic devices involves physical scales which require quantum descriptions. Basic quantum mechanics describes systems determined by Hamiltonian state vectors |Ψ>, which provide the spatial and time dependences of the physical observables. A pure state density operator |Ψ><Ψ| as obtained by a single state vector contains the most complete information about the...

Cattle were infected with three isolates of Theileria parva and treated with halofuginone lactate during acute clinical disease. The health, weight gain and carrier state of the cattle were monitored for 15 months. Limited treatment rapidly reduced fever and parasitosis but parasite recrudescences occurred and 12 out of 21 treated cattle died. Persistent carrier states were identified with two ...

This paper discusses the low-frequency (LF) noise in submicron nMOSFETs under controlled transistor aging by hot-carrier stress. Both traditional, steady-state LF noise as well as the LF noise under periodic large-signal excitation were found to increase upon device degradation, for both hydrogen passivated and deuterium passivated Si–SiO2 interfaces. As hot-carrier degradation is slower in deu...

In this paper, differential modulation (DM) schemes, including single differential and double differential, are proposed for amplify-and-forward two-way relaying (TWR) networks with unknown channel state information (CSI) and carrier frequency offsets caused by wireless terminals in high-speed vehicles and trains. Most existing work in TWR assumes perfect channel knowledge at all nodes and no c...

In this paper. we propose a baseband OFDM receiver for highspeed wireless local area network defined in IEEE 802.1 la physical layer. Algorithms for channel estimation/equalization. timing recovery, carrier frequency acquisition/tracking, and sampling clock tracking are individually designed and later integrated into a receiver architecture. Simulation results show that the proposed OFDM receiv...