objective(s) the aims of present study were to elucidate the effect of nahs as a h2s donor on precontracted rat trachea smooth muscle, role of epithelium and nitric oxide in this action. materials and methods tracheal rings from male adult wistar rats were isolated and mounted in an organ bath containing krebs–henseleit solution under 1.5 g resting tension and contractions were recorded isometr...

Thirty five different 4-aryl-1-substituted 2,6-dimethyl-3, 5-bis-N-[(substituted) carbamoyl] 1,4-dihydropyridines have been prepared from a three component condensation reaction of N-(2-chlorophenyl)-acetoacetamide; an aromatic aldehyde and a primary amine under four different experimental conditions. Except for conventional, all the experimental conditions are simple, eco-friendly, economical,...

The delivery of bronchodilators with metered-dose inhaler (MDI) in mechanically ventilated patients has attracted considerable interest in recent years. This is because the use of the MDI has several advantages over the nebulizer, such as reduced cost, ease of administration, less personnel time, reliability of dosing and a lower risk of contamination. A spacer device is fundamental in order to...

There is some evidence that breathing retraining may be beneficial for patients with asthma, but the mechanism behind this benefit is still unknown. One hypothesis is that individuals can be trained to raise carbon dioxide levels and thereby reverse the bronchoconstrictive effects of hypocapnia and utilize the bronchodilatory effects of hypercapnia. This theory presupposes that individuals with...

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been shown to be an effective bronchodilator when given intravenously, but its efficacy by inhalation has not been assessed. In the first part of the current study, six asthmatic subjects, mean (SEM) forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 2.09 (0.30) l, received 0.1 and 1 mg atrial natriuretic peptide by inhalation, and in the second study five subjec...

Objective(s) The aims of present study were to elucidate the effect of NaHS as a H2S donor on precontracted rat trachea smooth muscle, role of epithelium and nitric oxide in this action. Materials and Methods Tracheal rings from male adult Wistar rats were isolated and mounted in an organ bath containing Krebs–Henseleit solution under 1.5 g resting tension and contractions were recorded isom...

Olivia J. Larsson, Martijn L. Manson, Magnus Starkhammar, Barbara Fuchs, Mikael Adner, Susanna Kumlien Georén, and Lars-Olaf Cardell Division of ENT Diseases, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of ENT Disease, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Institute for Environmental Medici...