Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungi. To mitigate mycotoxins in food or feed, biotransformation is an emerging technology in which microorganisms degrade toxins into non-toxic metabolites. To monitor deoxynivalenol (DON) biotransformation, analytical tools such as ELISA and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are typically used. However, these tech...

Zearalenone (ZEA) and its derivatives are mycotoxins with estrogenic effects on mammals. The biotransformation for ZEA in animals involves the formation of two major metabolites, α- and β-zearalenol (α-ZOL and β-ZOL), which are subsequently conjugated with glucuronic acid. The capability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from silage to eliminate ZEA and its derivatives α-ZOL and β-ZO...

Enzyme catalyzed biotransformation of the energetic chemical octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) is not known. The present study describes a xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzed biotransformation of HMX to provide insight into the biodegradation pathway of this energetic chemical. The rates of biotransformation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 1.6+/-0.2 and 10.5+/-0.9 n...

A chimeric oxygenase, in which the P450cam domain was fused to the reductase host domains of a P450RhF from Rhodococcus sp. strain NCIMB 9784 was optimised to allow for a biotransformation at 30 mM substrate in 80% overall yield, with the linker region between P450 and FMN domain proving to be important for the effective biotransformation of (+)-camphor to 5-exo-hydroxycamphor.

A detailed study of the biotransformation of 6- and 7-methoxyflavones by four fungal strains (Aspergillus niger strains MB, KB, and SBP; Penicillium chermesinum 113) was carried out. Products of demethylation and also demethylation combined with hydroxylation at C-4' were identified. The biotransformation products were stronger antioxidants than the substrates.

The preparation of some ring A and B epoxy steroids derived from testosterone, pregnenolone and epiandrosterone using m-chloroperbenzoic acid is described. The biotransformation of the epoxy products by the fungus Mucor plumbeus are performed. The introduction of the epoxy group into the steroids moiety has affected the biotransformation results and gave only hydrolyzed products.

The in vitro biotransformation of tetrachloro(d,l-trans)-1,2,-diaminocyclohexaneplantinum(IV) (tetraplatin) in the plasma of Fischer 344 rats were studied by the two-column high-performance liquid chromatography technique described previously (Mauldin et al., Cancer Res., 48: 5136-5144, 1988). The reduction of tetraplatin to dichloro(d,l-trans)-1,2-diaminocyclohexaneplatinum(II) [PtCl2(dach)] w...

the enzymatic potential of the cultured plant cells can be employed for bioconversion purposes. plant enzymes are able to catalyze regio- and stereo-specific reactions, and therefore can be applied for the production of desired substances. the biotransformation of foreign substrates with suspension cells of peganum harmala was tested with (±) phenylethyl propionate. the callus cultures of pegan...

Citation: Zark M, Broda NK, Hornick T, Grossart H-P, Riebesell U and Dittmar T (2017) Ocean Acidification Experiments in Large-Scale Mesocosms Reveal Similar Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter Production and Biotransformation. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:271. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00271 Ocean Acidification Experiments in Large-Scale Mesocosms Reveal Similar Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter Produ...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most prevalent environmental pollutants and result from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons (coal and gasoline, fossil fuel combustion, byproducts of industrial processing, natural emission, cigarette smoking, etc.). The first phase of xenobiotic biotransformation in the PAH metabolism includes activities of cytochrome P450 from the CY...