Article type: Original article Objective(s): To investigate the effects of local mild hypothermia on the expression of Fas, FasL and MMP-3 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated group (Sham), normothermia group (NT), and hypothermia group (HT). MCAO/R model was established by Longa’s method, and reperfusion was allowe...

Article type: Original article Objective(s): Echis carinatus is one of the venomous snakes in Iran. The venom of Iranian Echis carinatus is a rich source of protein with various factors affecting the plasma protein and blood coagulation factor. Some of these proteins exhibit types of enzymatic activities. However, other items are proteins with no enzymatic activity. Materials and Methods: In or...

The authors of this book honestly and correctly admit, in their preface, that the underlying philosophy is to address only those facts which are neither speculative nor contentious. Surprisingly, in a subject which is full of speculation and contention there are 194 pages of fact. Over the years this book has provided an excellent starting point and end point for reading for Part I Membership o...

Article type: Original article Objective(s): HTLVI-1 is the first human retrovirus with limited endemic regions in the world. The epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic background and immune response to the virus have a significant role in HTLV-I-associated diseases. Among the genes are involved in HTLV-I infection, the role of human leukocytes antigen (HLA) have been studied in di...

Article type: Original article Objective(s): Morphine dependence (MD) potently protects heart against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury through specific signaling mechanisms, which are different from the pathways involved in acute morphine treatment or classical preconditioning. Since opioid receptor density changes post cerebral ischemia strongly correlated with brain histological damage, in th...

Article type: Original article Objective(s):Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever accompanied by peritonitis, pleurisy, and arthritis. FMF affects mainly Mediterranean populations and is caused by mutations in the familial Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency and distribu...

1 Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran 2 Research and Training Center of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 4 Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 5 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologie...

Article type: Original article Objective(s): In the current study, sunscreen and moisturizing properties of solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)-safranal formulations were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Series of SLN were prepared using glyceryl monostearate, Tween 80 and different amounts of safranal by high shear homogenization, and ultrasound and high-pressure homogenization (HPH) methods. SLN ...

In this paper an extension is given of the set of concepts considered to be basic to the fields of Economics, Organization Theory, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology. The modeling is in terms of automata and automata networks. In the first paper on basic concepts the simplest unit, the social atom, stood central. In this second paper social structures and processes are focused upon.