0 AbstractThe distribution of choline acetyltransferase messenger RNA (mRNA) among efferent vestibular neurons in the chinchilla was investigated. mRNA coding for choline acetyltransferase, the enzyme that synthesizes acetylcholine, was used as a marker for the cholinergic system. In order to retrogradely label the efferent vestibular neurons, Fluoro-gold was injected through the oval window in...

A covalent, catalytic intermediate of cytosolic liver acetyl coenzyme A: arylamine N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.5) from rapid acetylator rabbits (III/J) was isolated and chemically characterized. The active site was further studied using two covalent inhibitors, [2-3H]iodoacetic acid and bromoacetanilide. Inhibition experiments with [2-3H]iodoacetic acid at pH 6.9 showed that the incorporation...

Microsomal cysteine-S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase catalyses the N-acetylation of various S-substituted cysteines in liver and kidney. We describe here the purification and more detailed characterization of this enzyme catalysing the final reaction of mercapturic acid biosynthesis, and thus playing a crucial role in the detoxicating metabolism of many xenobiotics. The solubilization of cystein...

There is a diurnal rhythm in the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase in the rat pineal gland. In the normal rat, the nocturnal enzyme activities are 15-to 30-fold greater than are daytime activities. This rhythm is abolished by decentralization or removal of the superior cervical ganglia, procedures that interrupt the only source of central neural input to the pineal gland. This effect of...

Human populations exhibit genetic polymorphism in N-acetylation capacity, catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). We investigated the relationship between NAT2 acetylator genotype and phenotype in cryopreserved human hepatocytes. NAT2 genotypes determined in 256 human samples were assigned as rapid (two rapid alleles), intermediate (one rapid and one slow allele), or slow (two slow alleles) ...

Some of the kinetic properties of carnitine acetyltransferase in brain homogenates have been reported with the use of a new, sensitive radiometric method for the determination of acetylcarnitine. Those properties and the distribution pattern of carnitine acetyltransferase in various rat tissues, subcellular fractions, and discrete areas of the brain have been compared with those obtained for ch...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 2.1. Histone acetyltransferase and deacetylase complexes 2.2. SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodeling complexes 3. Activator targeting of histone acetyltransferase complexes 4. Activator targeting of SWI/SNF complexes 5. Communication between HATs and SWI/SNF at promoter nucleosomes 6. Repressor targeting of histone deacetylase complexes 7. Perspectives 8. Acknowledge...

Background: SAGA is a multiprotein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity. Results: Fission yeast strains with deletions in the SAGA acetyltransferase subunit exhibited increased leucine uptake in a manner dependent on an amino acid permease gene. Conclusion: SAGA regulates amino acid uptake in fission yeast. Significance: Regulation of nutrient uptake by SAGA provides a pote...

1. The behaviour of choline acetyltransferase from pigeon, guinea-pig, rat and cat brain on isoelectric focusing was studied. 2. Choline acetyltransferase from pigeon and guinea-pig brain showed single peaks with isoelectric points at pH6.6 and 6.8 respectively. Only one molecular form of the enzyme was therefore detected in these species. 3. Three peaks of choline acetyltransferase activities ...

Five monoclonal antibodies against arylamine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.5) from the chicken liver were established by immunizing a mouse with a partially purified enzyme preparation. None of the antibodies cross-reacted with arylamine N-acetyltransferase from the livers of cow, rabbit, and rat, nor with arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase from the chicken pineal gland, indicating a high specifi...