INTRODUCTION Monte Carlo (MC) methods have become the "gold standard" for assessing dose distribution, organ doses and effective dose associated with the exposure, both external and internal, of humans to ionizing radiation. Powerful and sophisticated tools for simulation of radiation transport (for example, MCNP, EGS4) are now widely available. However, these codes are designed for general-pur...

introduction bnct is an effective method to destroy brain tumoral cells while sparing the healthy tissues. the recommended flux for epithermal neutrons is 109 n/cm2s, which has the most effectiveness on deep-seated tumors. in this paper, it is indicated that using d-t neutron source and optimizing of beam shaping assembly (bsa) leads to treating brain tumors in a reasonable time where all iaea ...

introduction: radioactive materials deliver internal radiation dose to patients in nuclear medicine. manual internal radiation dose assessment is a complicated method. introduction of a simple dose calculation software is the main goal of the present study. methods: using the best current data in internal dose calculation (s-factors) recommended by icrp and by considering other technical metho...

The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify two biomarkers for radiation exposure (dicentrics and gamma-H2AX foci) in human lymphocytes after CT scans in the presence of an iodinated contrast agent. Blood samples from a healthy donor were exposed to CT scans in the absence or presence of iotrolan 300 at iodine concentrations of 5 or 50 mg ml(-1) blood. The samples were exposed to 0.02...

Iodine deficiency has multiple adverse effects on growth and development because of inadequate thyroid hormone production. Four methods are generally recommended for assessment of iodine nutrition: urinary iodine concentration, thyroid size, and blood concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroglobulin. Iodine intakes < or = 1 mg/d are well tolerated by most adults, because the thyr...

background: monte carlo determination of tg-43 brachytherapy dosimetry parameters and dose distribution calculation for 131cs source model cs-1 are presented in this study. materials and methods: the dose distribution was calculated around the 131cs model cs-1 located in the center of 30 cm ×30 cm ×30 cm water, and soft tissue phantoms cube using mcnp code by monte carlo method. the percentage ...

introduction: gamma knife is an instrument specially designed for treating brain disorders. in gamma knife, there are 201 narrow beams of cobalt-60 sources that intersect at an isocenter point to treat brain tumors. the tumor is placed at the isocenter and is treated by the emitted gamma rays. therefore, there is a high dose at this point and a low dose is delivered to the normal tissue surroun...

Iodine deficiency is a common phenomenon, threatening the whole global human population. Recommended daily intake of iodine is 150 μg for adults and 250 μg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. About 50% of human population can be at risk of moderate iodine deficiency. Due to this fact, increased iodine supplementation is recommended, through intake of iodized mineral water and salt iodization....

BACKGROUND RADIOIODINE IS ROUTINELY USED OR PROPOSED FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES: (123)I, (125)I and (131)I for diagnostics and (125)I and (131)I for therapy. When radioiodine-labelled pharmaceuticals are administered to the body, radioiodide might be released into the circulation and taken up by the thyroid gland, which may then be an organ at risk. The aim of this study was to com...