Seasonal oxygen-18 variations in precipitation, throughfall, soil water, spring ̄ow and stream base ̄ow were analysed to compare the hydrology of two forested basins in West Virginia (WV) (34 and 39 ha) and one in Pennsylvania (PA) (1134 ha). Precipitation and throughfall were measured with funnel/bottle samplers, soil water with ceramic-cup suction lysimeters and spring ̄ow/base ̄ows by grab and...

Soil microbial biomass plays an important role in nutrient transformation in terrestrial ecosystems. Microbial biomass is also an early indicator of changes in total soil organic carbon. Thus, the main objective of this study was to identify and quantify the present status of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen with various management practices in Himalayan rangeland. To meet the aforeme...

Forty-five soil samples of surface (0–15 cm) and subsurface (15–30 cm) soils from agricultural sites of Delhi, Haryana, Haridwar, Uttar Pradesh (UP) and around the hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) manufacturing plant of IPL (Indian Pesticide Limited) and nine samples of different commercial brands of drinking water from markets in Delhi were analysed for the presence of residues of HCH isomers. Thir...

the objective of this work was to study the effects of tillage and liquid manure applications on some physical and chemical properties as well as on the carbon and nitrogen mineralization potential of a meadow soil. our results indicated that tillage and manure applications had no effect on the concentration of cu, mn, total n and organic c in 0-15 cm layer of soil after 15 years of treatment. ...

In arid and semi-arid regions, soil surface warming is a considerable phenomenon causing a high thermal gradient which makes water flow intensely. The degree of soil temperature is effective on crop production, plant growth and soil microorganisms. In recent years, the ascending trend of temperature has been substantially noticed by researchers in the issues of pointwise climate change and at w...

Tillage intensities largely affect soil compaction dynamics in agro-ecosystems. However, the contribution of tillage intensities on compaction changes in underground peanut (Arachis hypogaea) fields has not been quantified. We thus aimed to better understand the role of soil tillage intensities in mitigation of compaction stress for peanuts. Using three field tillage experiments in major Chines...

Recent in situ three-dimensional structural studies have provided a new model for the 30 nm chromatin fiber. In addition, research during the past year has revealed some of the molecular complexity of non-histone chromosomal proteins. Still to come is the unification of molecular insights with chromosomal architecture.

The objective of this work was to study the effects of tillage and liquid manure applications on some physical and chemical properties as well as on the carbon and nitrogen mineralization potential of a meadow soil. Our results indicated that tillage and manure applications had no effect on the concentration of Cu, Mn, total N and organic C in 0-15 cm layer of soil after 15 years of treatment. ...

The concentration and distribution of a soil fumigant in the subsurface of field plots are two key factors in the determination of the fumigant efficacy. Subsurface concentrations of the biologically active compounds cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) were determined in soil at two adjacent injection traces and midpoint between the two traces in plastic-covered fie...

Soil compaction by machine used in forest harvesting operation caused negative impacts for regeneration and tree growth. This research was intended to analyze the effectiveness of using slash to decrease soil compaction, to analyze soil compaction at various soil depths, and to measure rut depth at soil surface. Valmet 860.1 forwarder was used in this research. Soil compaction was measured thro...