Bakers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell suspensions were submitted to autolysis at various pH values (4.0, 5.5, 7.0 and 8.5) and with chemical autolysis promoters (ethyl acetate, chitosan). In one series of assays, bacterial contaminants were added at 10 CFU/ml. Autolysis yields, total nitrogen (total N) and a-amino nitrogen (a-amino N) composition as well as turbidity of the yeast extrac...

Through transposon mutagenesis and DNA sequence analysis, the main disease determinant of the entomopathogenic bacterium Yersinia entomophaga MH96 was localized to an ~32-kb pathogenicity island (PAI) designated PAI(Ye₉₆). Residing within PAI(Ye₉₆) are seven open reading frames that encode an insecticidal toxin complex (TC), comprising not only the readily recognized toxin complex A (TCA), TCB,...

Neutrino-driven winds that follow core collapse supernovae were thought to be the site where half of the heavy elements are produced by the r-process. Although recent hydrodynamic simulations show that the conditions in the wind are not neutron-rich enough for the r-process (see e.g. [7]), lighter heavy elements like Sr, Y and Zr can be produced [1, 8, 4]. However, it is still not clear whether...

We give an elementary, self-contained, and purely combinatorial proof of the Rayleigh monotonicity property of graphs. Consider a (linear, resistive) electrical network – this is a connected graph G = (V,E) and a set of positive real numbers y = {ye : e ∈ E} indexed by E. In this paper we allow graphs to have loops and/or multiple edges. The value of ye is interpreted as the electrical conducta...

This study was to examine the effects of yeast extract (YE) and its fractions (YE1 and YE2) on the growth and diepoxin ζ (a spirobisnaphthalene with a diversity of bioactivities) production in liquid culture of Berkleasmium-like endophytic fungus Dzf12 from Dioscorea zingiberensis. When YE was applied to the liquid medium at 10 g/L on day 3 of culture, the diepoxin ζ production was most effecti...

Yersinia heat-shock protein 60 (Ye-hsp60) has recently been found to be a dominant CD4 and CD8 T cell Ag in Yersinia-triggered reactive arthritis. The nature of this response with respect to the epitopes recognized and functional characteristics of the T cells is largely unknown. CD4+ T cell clones specific for Ye-hsp60 were raised from synovial fluid mononuclear cells from a patient with Yersi...