BACKGROUND The effect of aging on the cognitive aspect of cough has not been studied yet. The purpose of this study is to investigate the aging effect on the perception of urge-to-cough in healthy individuals. METHODS Fourteen young, female, healthy never-smokers were recruited via public postings. Twelve elderly female healthy never-smokers were recruited from a nursing home residence. The c...

The elucidation of individual differences in tobacco use motivation is of considerable interest. Accordingly, the present study tested the hypothesis that between-person variation in reinforcement smoking (RS)--a tendency to smoke to regulate affect--moderates the relationship between poor mood and urge to smoke. In this cross-sectional, correlational study, smokers (N = 212; > or =5 cig/day) c...

The aim of this study was to determine the important elements of biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle exercises to treat urge incontinence. Urge suppression and pelvic floor muscle exercises were most beneficial. Responders can be identified early in treatment, allowing for fewer sessions.

C reative human beings are the torch-bearers of civilization. How does their creativity arise? What causes some minds/brains to achieve awe-inspiring artistic or scientifi c achievements? We cannot help but be fascinated by the fact that Shakespeare—a merchant's son with " small Latin and less Greek " —could emerge from the " nowhere " of rural Stratford to create the richest literary treasure ...

The primary aim of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that the urge to smoke interferes directly with cognitive performance. Fifty-four smokers were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (a). ad lib, (b). deprived, or (c). nicotine patch. Participants rated their urge to smoke on continuous visual analogue scales. Cognitive performance was determined by measuring reaction times (RTs) o...

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between functional limitations related to mobility and urinary incontinence (UI) in elderly women. DESIGN An observational cross-sectional study. SETTING Nine 'balance' workshops in France. POPULATION A total of 1942 community-dwelling women aged 75-85 years, who were invited, based on voter registration lists, to a 'balance assessment'. METHODS Mobil...