The chalcid wasp Chouioia cunea Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is one of the most dominant pupal parasitoids of Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), an invasive pest of many forestry trees and agricultural crops. For mass rearing C. cunea for biological control purposes, the pupae of Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) have been widely used as a substitu...

Within trie boundary-layer model and by taking into account only interface kinetics (isotropic or anisotropic), we find a contmuous set of « kinetic » dendrites. This solution exists at arbitrary supercooling A in the 2Dand 3D-axisymmetric cases and reduces to the usual dendrites with parabolic tails at A ~ l, and « angular » dendrites at A ~ l. In contrast with classical Ivantsov dendrites, th...

Insects can survive subzero temperatures by two main strategies: freeze tolerance and freeze avoidance. An array of techniques have been used to investigate the physiological limits of insects to low temperatures, such as differential scanning calorimetry, temperature-controlled cooling apparatus, thermocouples, and computer-controlled chart recording equipment. However, these techniques requir...

It was tried to microencapsulate erythritol as a phase change material with the interfacial polycondensation reaction method by using the (W/O) emulsion and to characterize the microcapsules prepared. In the experiment, toluene diisocyanate, diphenyl methane diisocyanate and hexamethylenediisocyanate were used to form the polyurethane shell and the effects of them on the heat storage density an...

Wintering Sasa senanensis, dwarf bamboo, is known to employ deep supercooling as the mechanism of cold hardiness in most of its tissues from leaves to rhizomes. The breakdown of supercooling in leaf blades has been shown to proceed in a random and scattered manner with a small piece of tissue surrounded by longitudinal and transverse veins serving as the unit of freezing. The unique cold hardin...

Bud primordia of Picea abies, despite a frozen shoot, stay ice free down to -50 °C by a mechanism termed supercooling whose biophysical and biochemical requirements are poorly understood. Bud architecture was assessed by 3D-reconstruction, supercooling and freezing patterns by infrared video thermography, freeze dehydration and extraorgan freezing by water potential measurements, and cell-speci...

The geographic variability of the cold hardiness poikilothermic animals is one keys to understanding mechanisms formation their ranges under climate change or anthropogenic introductions. A convenient object small tortoiseshell butterfly Aglais urticae, which distributed from Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean. On edges distribution range, difference between averages absolute minimum air temperatures...