Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been one of the most widely used antimalarial treatments world-wide, and is also used prophylactically in vulnerable populations. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model which allows us to infer the time distribution of SP protection from drug-trial data. Fitting our model to data from a controlled field study in Mali, we find that SP provided protectio...

Markers of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine (CQ) and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (PYR-SDX) are widespread in areas where malaria is endemic. In an area where the use PYR-SDX is negligible, the Ashanti Region of Ghana, West Africa, adult individuals were enrolled in an analysis of CQ- and PYR-SDX-associated molecular resistance markers in 2001 (n = 177) and 2003 (n = 180). Parasite ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recent evidence regarding the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment with focus on infancy (IPTi) and the rationale behind such a control strategy. RECENT FINDINGS Pooled safety and efficacy analyses of all six trials of IPTi with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine conducted between 1999 and 2007 have demonstrated a 30% protective efficacy against clinic...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of malaria intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). METHODS In two previous IPTi trials in Ifakara (United Republic of Tanzania) and Manhiça (Mozambique), SP was administered three times to infants before 9 months of age through the Expanded Programme on Immunization. Based on the efficacy results of...

A 28-day in vivo treatment trial to evaluate the efficacy of pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (Fansidar, PS) was conducted in 21 Lao patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Sixteen patients (76%) were completely cured with PS without any reappearance of asexual stage parasitemia during the follow-up examination. On the other hand, 5 patients (24%) failed to respond to this trial med...

BACKGROUND Insecticide-treated nets and intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine are recommended for the control of malaria during pregnancy in endemic areas in Africa, but there has been no analysis of coverage data at a subnational level. We aimed to synthesise data from national surveys about these interventions, accounting for disparities in malaria risk within natio...

Due to the deteriorating efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP or Fansidar), from the mid-1970s the Thai Malaria Control Program was actively involved in testing potential replacement drugs to be used as the primary therapy for falciparum malaria in Thailand. In 1983, a large-scale field trial of mefloquine, a long-acting antimalarial drug known for its efficacy against chloroquine- and SP-...

Results:The prevalence rates of SMI were 13.67% (38/278) at day 0 and 8.99% (25/278) at day 14 after sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-artesunate treatment. Genotype analysis of two polymorphic regions of the merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1 block 2, MSP-2 and a dimorphic region of the erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA-175) revealed that as many as 88% (22/25) of SMI detected after treatment were compl...