Molecular-sized micropores of ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts provide spatial restrictions around catalytic sites that allow for shape-selective catalysis. However, the fact that ZSM-5 has two main pore systems with different geometries is relatively unexploited as a potential source of additional shape selectivity. Here, we use confocal laser-scanning microscopy to show that by changing the polarity o...

The caprylic, lauric, palmitic and stearic esters of solketal and glycerol formal were synthesized with high selectivity and in good yields by a solvent-free acid catalyzed procedure. No acetal hydrolysis was observed, notwithstanding the acidic reaction conditions.

MoO2 microparticles act as an active catalyst for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 in organic solvents such as acetonitrile and dimethylformamide. The catalytic activity and product selectivity depend on temperature and water content of the solvent.

Ti(70)Zr(10)Co(20) containing an icosahedral quasicrystalline phase has been fabricated, and presents high activity and selectivity in catalyzing the oxidation of cyclohexane with oxygen under solvent-free conditions.

This review illustrates how water, as an environmentally friendly solvent, can have significant additional benefits when it is used as a solvent for the Diels–Alder reaction. The mechanism by which the unique properties of water enhance the rate and selectivity are discussed. Also, possibilities for the achievement of further increases in rate and enantioselectivity of aqueous Diels–Alder react...

Although erythromycin A contains five hydroxyl groups, regioselective methylation at the C-6 hydroxyl group was achieved to the extent of 90%when a 9-0-substituted erythromycin A 9-oxime was employedas substrate. The methylation and its selectivity are dependent on an O-protecting group at the 9-oxime, solvent, base, and methylating reagent. In particular, the use ofa polar aprotic solvent is i...

(Received: May 18, 2012; Accepted in Revised Form: February 4, 2013) Abstract: Direct oxidation of benzene to phenol in liquid phase in the medium of methanol, acetone, acetic acid and acetonitrile as a solvent over chromium catalyst supported on highly ordered nanoporous silica (Cr-LUS-1) by H O were examined. The best results obtained from methanol solvent with 20% yield and selectivity of 90...

An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of β-enaminones under solvent-free reaction conditions using PPA-SiO2 as catalyst. The reaction yields were good to excellent (up to 90%). This methodology affords high selectivity and good tolerance of a variety of different functional groups present on both aromatic and aliphatic amines. In addition, the methodology is environmentally b...