The flight navigation procedures envisioned under the Next Generation Transportation System will require a specification of the expected route of each flight. Once these specifications are provided, the flights must proceed along their routes with such speed profiles that every pair of aircraft complies with the minimal separation requirement imposed by the Federal Aviation Administration. The ...

Animal movement throughout the landscape is a key concept for population viability. Human footprint can reduce animal through barrier effects such as habitat change and fragmentation, or enhanced resources. Artificial light at night (ALAN) affect of nocturnal animals bats that are highly mobile in landscape. Very few studies have explicitly quantified choices moving make when they encounter sou...

background: to compare the efficacy of two routes of prostaglandin e 2 administration (intravenous and intramuscular) for treatment of missed abortion this study was conducted. regarding the pilot cases of missed abortion admitted for termination of pregnancy intravenous administration of pge2 that had higher efficacy compare to intramuscular route, investigators designed this study. methods: i...

Billions of birds undertake long-distance migration and the complexity schedules has only recently become clear. Such movements occur as a response to seasonality but ultimate drivers these changing distributions remain difficult study directly. Modeling seasonal based fundamentally on climate vegetation without parameterizing with empirical data, we focus potential role ambient temperature ava...

Autumn migration of adult Eurasian hobbies Falco subbuteo from Europe to southern Africa was recorded by satellite telemetry and observed routes were compared with randomly simulated routes. Two non-random features of observed routes were revealed: (i) shifts to more westerly longitudes than straight paths to destinations and (ii) strong route convergence towards a restricted area close to the ...

Indonesia is a large country that widespread with it’s islands and isa traversed by the Equator, so sea transportation has animportant role to play in connecting one area another, consideringthat very wide ocean. One of means seatransportation widely used community ferry. Ferryis type can be as passenger andgoods using certain routes or routes. With theexistence Ferry port, it increase accelera...

A long-standing debate questions whether the World Trade Organization’s (“WTO”) formal dispute settlement procedures level the playing field for lower income countries in international trade disputes, or instead, merely give opportunistic and sophisticated countries complex * Trade Counsel, Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives; J.D., Harvard Law School, 2007; M.P.P., Georg...

Walking, as an important transportation mode, plays a large part in urban transportation systems. This mode is of great importance for planners and decision-makers because of its impact on environmental and health aspects of communities. However, this mode is so complex in nature that makes it difficult to study or model. On the other hand, chaos theory studies complex dynamical nonlinear syste...

Highway-rail intersections are unique in the sense that trains always have right of way at these intersections. The increase in travel demand in urban areas with active railway lines makes these grade crossing intersections potential traffic ‘hot spots’, where bottlenecks can very easily arise, disrupting traffic operations and spilling back to impede smooth traffic flow in surrounding areas as...