introduction: the human resources are considered the main asset of any society. if used properly and effectively, it will create other sources and above all the added value. the quality of the life is usually dependent on the quality of human professional life including factors such as job security, services and welfare pensions, health services, income, and job quality. the purpose of this stu...

in today's competitive market, quality has an important role in manufacturing system. the manufacturers attempt to maintain their production system in a proper condition to produce high quality products. one of the key factors to achieve this goal is maintenance policy. most studies on maintenance focused on machines and less attention has been paid to human resources as the most important...

We consider an extension of the classical resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP), which covers discrete resource-resource and time-resource tradeo s. As a result a project scheduler is permitted to identify several alternatives or modes of accomplishment for each activity of the project. The solution procedure we present is a considerable generalization of the branch-and-bound ...

vi Chapter

introduction with the continuous growth of world population, degradation and ecological imbalance throughout the world, there is a need to increase agricultural production and environmental protection measures. in this respect, efforts to supply nutrients to the environment are at the head of the programs. one of the ways to approach this goal is the use of intercropping systems (najafi & moham...