Rac1 is a small GTPase and plays key roles in multiple cellular processes including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, whether Rac1 activation during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) contributes to arrhythmogenesis is not fully understood. We aimed to study the effects of Rac1 inhibition on store overload-induced Ca(2+) release (SOICR) and ventricular arrhythmia...

The purpose of this study was to determine if exercise (Ex) protects hearts from arrhythmias induced by glutathione oxidation or ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two experimental groups: sedentary controls (Sed) or short-term Ex (10 days of treadmill running). Twenty-four hours after the last session, hearts were excised and exposed to either perfusion wi...

The aim of this experiment was to establish whether verapamil, nicardipine, and nitroglycerin have (1) infarct size-limiting effects and (2) antiarrhythmic effects in in vivo rabbit hearts during ischemia/reperfusion. Rabbits received regional ischemia by 30 min of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 hours of reperfusion under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia. The a...

The antiarrhythmic activity of bis-alkoxyphenyltriazaalkanes 1 and bis-alkoxyphenyldiazaalkanes 2 was analyzed in a model reperfusion arrhythmia rats. It found that the key requirements for compounds this are use 2,3,4 trimethoxyphenyl aromatic pharmacophores presence central nitrogen atom linker. most active were ALM-802 (trihydrochloride N –(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)-N – {2-[(2,3,4-trimethoxybe...

Reperfusion of ischemic myocardium is crucial for salvaging myocardial cells from ischemic cell death. However, reperfusion itself induces various deleterious effects on the ischemic myocardium. These effects, known collectively as reperfusion injury, comprise stunned myocardium, reperfusion-induced arrhythmia, microvascular reperfusion injury, and lethal reperfusion injury. No approach has pro...

There is considerable clinical and experimental evidence of the benefit of late reperfusion of infarct-related arteries, referred to as the open artery hypothesis, in patients with acute myocardial infarction who presented too late to salvage at-risk ischemic myocardium. In addition to myocardial salvage, reperfusion of the infarct-related artery prevents infarct expansion, reduces development ...

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether Na(+)-H+ and Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanges modulate postischemic recovery of excitation-contraction coupling. Experiments were performed in 43 isolated isovolumic dog hearts perfused with blood (pH 7.40, 141 mmol/L Na+, 34 degrees C, paced at 2 Hz). A 3 x 3-mm region at the left ventricular (LV) apex was loaded with aequorin for monitoring [Ca2+]...

BACKGROUND Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mKATP) channels play a role in reperfusion arrhythmias (RAs) in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Evidence suggests that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) reduces RAs, however not much is known on the mechanistic role of mKATP in RIPC. We evaluated whether mKATP channels are associated with reducing arrhythmia and infarct size in RIPC. M...