Infusion of 0.75 μ g/kgbw/min norepinephrine (NE), for 40 minutes, into one renal artery in anesthetized dogs, induced acute renal failure (ARF). Subsequently there was nearly complete reversal of function within 8 weeks. Isotonic saline volume expansion, or renal vasodilation plus diuresis by acetylcholine (into renal artery: 20 μg/min) did not protect against this type of ARF. Volume expansio...

Although protection of the kidneys by renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors is well known, differences in renal protection and the characteristics of RAS inhibitors have not been fully investigated. We randomly allocated 80 patients with hypertension complicated by type 2 diabetes and accompanied by microalbuminuria to 4 groups for treatment with the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) tel...

Grenz A, Eckle T, Zhang H, Huang DY, Wehrmann M, Köhle C, Unertl K, Osswald H, Eltzschig HK. Use of a hanging-weight system for isolated renal artery occlusion during ischemic preconditioning in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 292: F475–F485, 2007. First published August 15, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00275.2006.— Renal failure from ischemia contributes to morbidity and mortality. Ischemic pre...

The inhalational anesthetic isoflurane has been shown to protect against renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Previous studies demonstrated that isoflurane modulates sphingolipid metabolism in renal proximal tubule cells. We sought to determine whether isoflurane stimulates sphingosine kinase (SK) activity and synthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in renal proximal tubule cells to media...

BACKGROUND Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) offers advantages over current β-emitting conjugates for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) of neuroendocrine tumors. PRRT with 177Lu-DOTATATE or 90Y-DOTATOC has shown dose-limiting nephrotoxicity due to radiopeptide retention in the proximal tubules. Pharmacological protection can reduce renal uptake of radiopeptides, e.g., positively charged a...

PURPOSE Sodium thiosulfate (STS) is clinically reported to be a promising drug in preventing nephrolithiasis. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of mitochondrial KATP channel in the renal protection mediated by STS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nephrolithiasis was induced in Wistar rats by administrating 0.4% ethylene glycol (EG) along wi...

Recently, attention has focussed on the effects of calcium antagonists on renal function. When administered in vitro to the isolated perfused kidney, calcium antagonists exhibit consistent actions permitting characterization of their renal hemodynamic effects. Calcium antagonists do not affect the vascular tone of the vasodilated isolated perfused kidney, but they do dramatically reverse the re...