Undisturbed mosquito pupae rest at the water surface and respond to passing shadows or vibrations by diving. Pupae do not feed and rely solely on energy stored from the larval stage. The ability of a newly emerged adult mosquito to survive, and therefore to transmit disease, depends on these energy reserves. Earlier studies of diving behavior in Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Ae. triseriatu...

The mass rearing of parasitoids represents a fundamental stage for programmes of biological control. The progeny of the parasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were evaluated on previously refrigerated pupae of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Forty-eight to 72 hours-old pupae of B. mori were stored at 10 degrees C for five, 10, 15 or 20 days and ...

Varroa destructor is one of the most common parasites of honey bee colonies and is considered as a possible co-factor for honey bee decline. At the same time, the use of pesticides in intensive agriculture is still the most effective method of pest control. There is limited information about the effects of pesticide exposure on parasitized honey bees. Larval ingestion of certain pesticides coul...

Eco-evolutionary dynamics of microbiotas at the macroscale level are largely driven by ecological variables. The diet and living environment of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, diversify during development, providing a natural system to explore convergence, divergence, and repeatability in patterns of microbiota dynamics as a function of the host diet, phylogeny, and environment. He...

OBJECTIVE Previous studies, focusing on the effects of abused drugs, have used mice or rats as the main animal models; the present study tries to introduce a simple animal model. For this propose, we investigated the effects of oral morphine consumption by parents on the development of larvae, pupae and imago in Drosophila Melanogaster (D. Melanogaster). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experime...

In this study, the main bioactive compounds of the fruit bodies of Cordyceps militaris-such as adenosine, cordycepin, polysaccharides, mannitol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and carotenoids-were cultivated on wheat and pupae, as well as sclerotium (the pupae portion) and sclerotium with fruiting bodies. The amounts of adenosine and polysaccharide in all the tested samples (except for the polysac...

The oriental fruit fly Bactocera dorsalis (Hendel) is an important pest of snake (Salacca zalacca) in Sleman District. Due to the high level damage by flies, it necessary do. aim this research was find out suitable traps, testing oviposition preferences flies orchard lay eggs on several types fruit. done located at Yogyakarta and owned farmers, while Lab works were Laboratory Entomology, Depart...

Pupae of some insects produce sounds or vibrations, but the function of the sounds/vibrations has not been clarified in most cases. Recently, we found vibratory communication between pupae and larvae of a group-living beetle Trypoxylus dichotoma, which live in humus soil. The vibratory signals produced by pupae were shown to deter approaching larvae, thereby protecting themselves. In the presen...

Diapause prepares insects and other arthropods to survive in harsh environments. To explore the molecular basis of winter (WD) and summer diapauses (SD), we screened for diapause-specific genes in the onion maggot, Delia antiqua, that diapauses as a pupa in both summer and winter. A diapause-induced transcript, DaTrypsin, was identified through differential display, and examined by Northern blo...

In order to determine the potential of various temperature treabnents for disinfesting dried fruits and nuts of postha1:vest insect pests, high temperature/exposure response cw:ves for navel oran;Jeworm eggs and pupae and Indiarnneal moth pupae were estimated. For navel oran;Jeworm eggs, 99% mortality was achieved after exposure to 490e for 14 minutes. For navel orange worm pupae, 99% mortaliti...