Pigs and poultry are by far the most omnivorous of the domesticated farm animals and it is in their nature to be highly explorative. In the barren production environments, this motivation to explore can be expressed as abnormal oral manipulation directed toward pen mates. Tail biting (TB) in pigs and feather pecking (FP) in laying hens are examples of unwanted behaviors that are detrimental to ...

Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential micronutrient with a crucial role in the immune system of non-ruminant animals, such as swine and poultry. It includes three chemical compounds distinct properties functions body: retinol, retinal, retinoic acid. In monogastric feed, vitamin primarily present form retinyl esters. The metabolism dietary esters involves their conversion to which then transporte...

The value of added feed enzymes (FE) in promoting growth and efficiency of nutrient utilisation is well recognised in single-stomached animal production. However, the effects of FE on the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are largely unrecognised. A critical role in host nutrition, health, performance and quality of the products produced is played by the intestinal microbiota. FE c...

Poultry market has been demonstrating emerging potential as an efficient producer of meat with consumption occupying 40.6% globally. The requirement animal protein is anticipated to grow continuously for meeting the requirements by ever-growing human population. To fulfill this demand, major challenge encountered poultry breeders was fasten production in most and economical way. Use antibiotic ...

Background: An interaction of the food types with the gut microbiota changes is deeply implicated in human health and disease. To verify whether animal-based diets would lead to gut dysbiosis, systemic inflammation and inflammatory pathogenesis, we fed mice with chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfate-containing O-glycan naturally occurring in livestock and poultry products, and monitored the dynam...

In recent years, there has been a growing appreciation on the relevance of gastrointestinal microflora in both ruminants and non-ruminants owing to revelation of their role in several physiological functions including digestion, nutrient utilization, pathogen exclusion, gastrointestinal development, immunity system, gut gene expression and quality of animal products. The ban imposed on the use ...

Enteric inflammation models can help researchers' study methods to improve health and performance and evaluate various growth promoters and dietary formulations targeted to improve performance in poultry. Oral administration of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d; 3-5 kDa) and its pericellular mucosal epithelial leakage are an established marker to evaluate enteric inflammation in multip...

Nutraceuticals are food ingredients that provide extra health advantages expand above their nutritional value. comprise amino acids, antioxidants, minerals, vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, enzymes, organic fatty medicinal plants, etc. Recently, nutraceuticals have acquired much attention in poultry industry by reason of potential effects on establishing the normal physiological...

One of the key stimulators of intestinal development in the chick is physical exposure to feed, while feed withholding delays the onset of gut development. A delay of 24-72 hours in onset of feeding is quite common in the poultry industry due to variation in hatching time and hatchery treatments. As intestinal development occurs in concert with the development of the gut associated lymphoid tis...