The present review article highlights a specific class of responsive polymer-based hydrogels which are formed through association of oppositely charged polyion segments. The underpinning temporary three-dimensional network is constituted of hydrophilic chains (either ionic or neutral) physically crosslinked by ion pair formation arising from intermolecular polyionic complexation of oppositely c...

PURPOSE To analyze how carbonated thin liquids affected the physiology of swallowing in dysphagic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS 40 patients were analyzed; 36 were neurologically impaired. During a therapeutic videoradiographic swallowing examination the patients had to swallow liquids with the following consistencies three times: thin, thickened and carbonated. The liquids were given in dose...

ethylammonium propionate with high polarity and ionic conductivity was synthesized andcharacterized with 1hnmr and ir. this ionic liquid which is prepared from readily available startingmaterial in high yield shows reasonably high at viscosity and heat stability up to 150 °c. this ionicliquid is able to dissolve most of organic solvents due to the hydrogen interaction between ionicliquid and th...

The sonication of ionic organic liquids leads to decomposition of the liquids. Multibubble sonoluminescence spectra and headgas analysis reveal a variety of decomposition products from the sonolysis of N,N'-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids. The decomposition is a result of acoustic cavitation, which generates localized hot spots from the implosive collapse of bubbles in the ionic liquids. Despi...

In recent years there has been a great deal of attention paid by researchers in investigating ionic liquids (ILs) mainly due to the tremendous potential that ionic liquids have in reaction and separation technology. Sonic speed is an important thermodynamic property of ionic liquids (ILs) and always chosen as a source to determine other properties. A database for the sonic speed of pure ILs cre...

the antibacterial activity of a series of ionic liquids containing short-chained 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations ([cnmim+]; n = 2, 4, 6 and 8) and bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide anion ([tf2n]) against e. coli and b. subtilis was measured, for the first time. all ils used in this work were synthesized and analyzed by fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy, nmr, and karl-fischer...

Supercharged proteins are a new class of functional proteins with exceptional stability and potent ability to deliver bio-macromolecules into cells. As a proof-of-principle, a novel application of supercharged proteins as a versatile biosensing platform for nucleic acid detection and epigenetics analysis is presented. Taking supercharged green fluorescent protein (ScGFP) as the signal reporter,...

Bifunctional acidic ionic liquids, having both H-imidazolium and -SO3H groups as cation moieties (H-BFAILs) and CF3SO3- as anion, were synthesized in high yields. These H-BFAILs showed significant hydrophilic properties, lower acidity and higher thermal stability relative to common ionic liquids, due to their unique structures. The (propyl or butyl-3-sulfonic) imidazolium trifluoromethane sulfo...

BACKGROUND Some electronic cigarette (EC) liquids of tobacco flavour contain extracts of cured tobacco leaves produced by a process of solvent extraction and steeping. These are commonly called Natural Extract of Tobacco (NET) liquids. The purpose of the study was to evaluate nicotine levels and the presence of tobacco-derived toxins in tobacco-flavoured conventional and NET liquids. METHODS ...