Group 1B phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is an abundant lipolytic enzyme that is well characterized biochemically and structurally. Because of its high level of expression in the pancreas, it has been presumed that PLA2 plays a role in the digestion of dietary lipids, but in vivo data have been lacking to support this theory. Our initial study on mice lacking PLA2 demonstrated no abnormalities in dieta...

BACKGROUND Healing after myocardial infarction (MI) involves the biphasic accumulation of inflammatory Ly-6C(high) and reparative Ly-6C(low) monocytes/macrophages. Excessive inflammation disrupts the balance between the 2 phases, impairs infarct healing, and contributes to left ventricle remodeling and heart failure. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), a member of the phospholipa...

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent lipid second messenger which stimulates platelet aggregation, cell proliferation and smooth-muscle contraction. The phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-catalysed hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid (PA) is thought to be a primary synthetic route for LPA. Of the multiple forms of PLA2 present in human tissues, human secretory class-II PLA2 (hs-PLA2) has been implicated in...

Maintenance of renal function in liver cirrhosis requires increased synthesis of arachidonic acid derived prostaglandin metabolites. Arachidonate metabolites have been reported to be involved in modulation of liver damage. The purpose of the present study was to establish whether the first enzyme of the prostaglandin cascade synthesis, the phospholipase A2(PLA2) is altered in liver cirrhosis in...

A secretin-releasing activity exists in the upper small intestine and pancreatic juice in the rat and the dog. Group I pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in canine pancreatic juice and porcine pancreatic PLA2 stimulate the release of secretin from both STC-1 cells and a secretin-producing cell (S cell)-enriched preparation isolated from rat duodenal mucosa. We investigated the distribution and ...

To elucidate the anti-venom mechanism of persimmon tannin, the interaction between a polymeric persimmon proanthocyanidin fraction (PT40) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied using a competitive binding assay and spectroscopic methods including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), circular dichroism (CD), and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectro...

In murine P388D1 macrophages, the generation of prostaglandin E2 in response to long term stimulation by lipopolysaccharide involves the action of Group V secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2), Group IV cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). There is an initial activation of cPLA2 that induces expression of Group V PLA2, which in turn induces both the expression of COX-2 and most of t...

Angiotensin II in proximal tubule epithelium is known to stimulate the release of arachidonic acid after stimulation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) independent of phospholipase C-mediated signaling. Furthermore, an angiotensin II type 2 receptor subtype has been linked to this signaling cascade. We investigated the regulation and differential stimulation of PLA2s by comparing the PLA2 activities as...

To illustrate the construction of precursor complementary DNAs, we isolated mRNAs from whole venom samples. After reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we amplified the cDNA coding for a neurotoxic protein, phospholipase A2 D49 (PLA2 D49), from the venom of Crotalus durissus collilineatus (Cdc PLA2). The cDNA encoding Cdc PLA2 from whole venom was sequenced. The deduced amin...