Species of Phoma and its allies were isolated during a survey on the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with pine trees in Korea. Based on the phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin gene sequences, two Phoma-like species from the needles of Pinus koraiensis were identified as Peyronellaea calorpreferens and P. glomerata. They were also morphologically identifie...

Molecular and genetic approaches were used to evaluate the genetic relatedness among isolates of the fungus Phoma macrostoma Montagne originating from Canada and Europe and to other species in the genus Phoma. Distinct differences were observed in genetic variation among nine species of the genus Phoma. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) revealed the presence of intraspecific genetic var...

A Phoma sp. was isolated and characterized as endophytic and as a pathogen of Larrea tridentata (creosote bush) growing in the desert region of southern Utah, USA. This fungus produces a unique mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including a series of sesquiterpenoids, some alcohols and several reduced naphthalene derivatives. Trans-caryophyllene, a product in the fungal VOCs, was als...

Phoma minutella, a dematiaceous hyphomycete, was isolated to the exclusion of all other fungi from a subcutaneous inflammatory process on the foot of a farmer undergoing corticosteroid therapy for myasthenia gravis. Isolation was achieved on several nutrient media. Examination of stained smears and sections revealed dematiaceous fungal elements consistent with the mold. This is the first report...

Ascochyta and Phoma are fungal genera containing several important plant pathogenic species. These genera are morphologically similar, and recent molecular studies performed to unravel their phylogeny have resulted in the establishment of several new genera within the newly erected Didymellaceae family. An analysis of the structure of fungal mating-type genes can contribute to a better understa...

This study scans into past of ancient man and discusses meticulously how the reproductive organ Lingam became sacred object to Hindus and why a sufi wore a phallus shaped head-dress resembling to it. In this manner the author demystifies here the procreation, the law of nature.

This paper considers an extension of the linear non-Gaussian acyclic model (LiNGAM) that determines causal order among variables from a dataset when are expressed by set equations, including noise. In particular, we assume binary. The existing LiNGAM assumes no confounding is present, which restrictive in practice. Based on concept independent component analysis (ICA), this proposes extended fr...

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the stage between expected decline of normal aging and more serious dementia. Since MCI may increase risk later developing dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other neurological conditions, it important to detect treat early in order prevent Causal discovery, which can visualize causal relationships (cause effect) among data, has recently been attra...

A disease of Plumbago Zeylanica L. caused by Phoma exigua is reported for the first time from India.