The Arab cultural heritage was an era of invaluable preservation and development of numerous teachings, including biomedical sciences. The golden period of Arab medicine deserves special attention in the history of medicine and pharmacy, as it was the period of rapid translation of works from Greek and Persian cultures into Arabic. They preserved their culture, and science from decay, and then ...

The purpose of this article is to cast some light on the question as why and how nationalism appeared rather suddenly on the political stage in Turkey at the beginning of the 20 th century. This article asserts that Turkish nationalism was an answer to the particular historical conditions that characterised the final phases of the Ottoman Empire and the birth of the modern Turkey. This article ...

By the end of the eighteenth century, Palestine's once busy medieval trade in medicinal substances and high standard of medical services had reached their nadir. The main reason for this was the prolonged and continuous decline of the Ottoman empire, in conjunction with serious insanitary conditions, poverty and ignorance, as well as a lack of public health facilities. In the absence of suffici...

Sultan Bayezid II Külliyesi was constructed by Architect Hayrettin between 1484 and 1488. Alongside the Mosque, Külliye (complex) includes primarily Darüşşifa (hospital), Madrasah (university), Tabhane, İmaret (poorhouse), Bathhouse, Treadmill, Bridge, Mehterhane, Sıbyan Mektebi and Muvakkithane. The foundation of Sultan Bayezid II Külliyesi has been a key point both in Ottoman architecture and...

For a Europe that feared continuing Ottoman expansion, the Battle of Lepanto (1571) was a great relief. But the Ottoman Empire continued to be dominant in the eastern Mediterranean, and in southeastern Europe. The Republic of Venice, a partner in the great Christian victory of 1571, was soon forced to make peace with the sultan, acknowledging the loss of important overseas territories. This ess...

Although the history of modern medical reforms in nineteenth-century Egypt has received considerable attention from historians and scholars, the history of medicine when the country was under Ottoman rule from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, is still largely unexplored.1 In the opinion of many scholars this was a time when the medical sciences in Egypt declined, qualified learned physi...

In the nineteenth century, Britain had intense political, economic, and cultural relations with Ottoman Empire: they were political allies during Crimean War; for several decades, British creditors ran economy via Public Debt Administration; many institutions, such as Imperial Museum, modeled after their counterparts. Given this interconnected history, essay argues that Empire could provide a r...

This article examines the treatment of prostitution in several genres of Ottoman legal writing—manuals and commentaries of Islamic jurisprudence, fatwās (legal opinions) and ḳānūnnāmes (Sultanic legislation)—and looks at how prostitution was dealt with in practice by the empire’s sharīʿa courts and by its provincial executive authorities. The article uses prostitution as a case study to investi...

Introduction: Throughout the years, numerous factors have contributed to formation of city identity, urban fabric, and architecture. These include inspirations from various civilizations religious influences. Architecture is also determined by such physical constraints as climate, geography, availability specific materials. This article in particular addresses Turkey, a vast country with signif...

Background. Sport lodges are institutions that are responsible for providing athletes with accommodation, food and training. Sport lodges had the same tasks as today's sports clubs and played a vital role in the institutionalization and development of sports within the borders of the Ottoman Empire. Evliya Çelebi is a prominent 17th century traveler. During his lifetime, he traveled throughout ...