Dr. P. Cacoub, Department of Nephrology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83, boulevard de l’Hôpital, F-75651 Paris Cédex 13 (France) Dear Sir, Acute renal failure has long been recognized as a potential hazard of radiocontrast administration, especially in patients with preexisting renal failure [1]. Recently developed low osmolar agents have been considered less nephrotoxic, but some studies ind...

Because lubricants may decrease trauma during coitus, it is hypothesized that they could aid in the prevention of HIV acquisition. Therefore, safety and anti-HIV-1 activity of over-the-counter (OTC) aqueous- (n = 10), lipid- (n = 2), and silicone-based (n = 2) products were tested. The rheological properties of the lipid-based lubricants precluded testing with the exception of explant safety te...

BACKGROUND No clinical trial has yet focused on contrast-mediated nephrotoxicity in patients with chronic renal failure exclusively undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of contemporary contrast media on nephrotoxicity in this high-risk patient population. METHODS AND RESULTS This prospective, randomized, double-blind, ...

Changes in plasma level of arginine vasopressin (AVP), arterial pressure, and urine flow were studied before, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in 11 patients with congenital heart disease. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium (3-5 mg/kg) and was maintained with enflurane (1.0-1.5%), 50% N2O in O2 and morphine (0.5 mg/kg). Concentration of plasma AVP increased slightly from...

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are commonly administered pharmaceutical agents. Most often they are used intravenously and intraarterially. Although iodinated contrast agents are relatively safe and widely used, adverse events occur and questions remain about their use, safety, and interactions. The most important adverse effects of contrast media include hypersensitivity reactions, thyroid dys...

1. Oxalate crystals may occur in the CSF with ethylene glycol poisoning or primary hyperoxaluria type 1. Ethylene glycol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to form glycolic and oxalic acids. 2. Serum electrolytes and osmolality can be measured, and the anion and osmolar gaps can be calculated. Ethylene glycol poisoning is associated with an increased osmolar gap and increased anion gap met...

The development of acute renal failure significantly complicates intravascular contrast medium (CM) use and is linked with high morbidity and mortality. The increasing use of CM, an aging population, and an increase in chronic kidney disease (CKD) will result in an increased incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)-unless preventive measures are used. The Canadian Association of Radiolog...