Electronic Toll Pricing (ETP), a location-based vehicular service, allows users to pay tolls without stopping or even slowing down their cars. User location records are collected so as to calculate their payments. However, users have privacy concerns as locations are considered as private information. In this paper, we focus on user traceability in ETP systems where anonymous location records a...

network location models comprise one of the main categories of location models. these models have various applications in regional and urban planning as well as in transportation, distribution, and energy management. in a network location problem, nodes represent demand points and candidate locations to locate the facilities. if the links network is unchangeably determined, the problem will be ...

mixed convection fluid flow and heat transfer of water-al2o3 nanofluid inside a lid-driven square cavity has been examined numerically in order to find the optimal distribution of discrete heat sources on the wall of a cavity. the effects of different heat source length, richardson number and grashof number on optimal heat source location has been investigated. moreover, the average nusselt num...

Reliable location routing problem considers a location problem and a vehicle routing problem in order to select the optimal location of facilities and at the same time the optimal routes for vehicles considering the unexpected failure for facilities in which, all facilities may fail with a probability. In this paper, a bi-objective mathematical model has been developed to minimize the total cos...

abstract: regarding the growing use of distributed generation resources, optimal design of these units is necessary in the power system especially in the distribution network. in this paper, cuckoo optimization algorithm with multiple purposes was used to determine optimal location and size of distributed generation resources. the investigated purposes include reducing line losses, reducing med...

majority of models in location literature are based on assumptions such as point demand, absence of competitors, as well as monopoly in location, products, and services. however in real-world applications, these assumptions are not well-matched with reality. in this study, a new mixed integer nonlinear programming model based on weighted goal programming approach is proposed to maximize the cap...

We present the problem of planning mobile tours of inspectors on German motorways to enforce the payment of the toll for heavy good trucks. This is a special type of vehicle routing problem with the objective to conduct as good inspections as possible on the complete network. In addition, we developed a personalized crew rostering model, to schedule the crews of the tours. The planning of daily...