نتایج جستجو برای: oculomotor muscles
تعداد نتایج: 59974 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Delineation of motoneuron subgroups supplying individual eye muscles in the human oculomotor nucleus
Most eye movements in the real-world redirect the foveae to objects at a new depth and thus require the co-ordination of monocular saccade amplitudes and binocular vergence eye movements. Additionally to maintain the accuracy of these oculomotor control processes across the lifespan, ongoing calibration is required to compensate for errors in foveal landing positions. Such oculomotor plasticity...
PURPOSE We determined the distribution of cells containing synthetic enzymes for the unconventional neurotransmitter, nitric oxide, with respect to the known populations within the oculomotor complex. METHODS The oculomotor complex was investigated in monkeys and cats by use of histochemistry to demonstrate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase positive (NADPHd(+)) cells and ...
Ocular neuromyotonia in the muscles innervated by the right oculomotor nerve was diagnosed in a patient without a history of radiation therapy. Electromyography of the levator palpebrae showed continuous motor unit activity. Brain MRI disclosed a close contact between the right third cranial nerve and a basilar artery dolichoectasia. The patient partly benefited from carbamazepine therapy. This...
The peripheral and central apparatus for extraretinal (non-visual) sensing of eye position by proprioception (inflow) is documented. The functional significance of this inflowing signal is shown by its role in (1) providing oculomotor stability in fixation and conjugacy, (2) specification of visual direction, (3) development of some visual functions, and (4) depth and vergence responses. Inflow...
The morphologies and passive electrical parameters of fibres in two eye muscles of a surface- and a cave-dwelling crayfish were compared. In the cave-dwelling form the muscles contained fewer fibres, of less diameter, and hence had a smaller cross-sectional area. Current-voltage relationships were similar in both species. Input resistance was higher in the cave-dweller, but the difference was n...
Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital eye-movement disorder defined by limited outward gaze and retraction of the eye on attempted inward gaze. Here, we report on three heterozygous loss-of-function MAFB mutations causing DRS and a dominant-negative MAFB mutation causing DRS and deafness. Using genotype-phenotype correlations in humans and Mafb-knockout mice, we propose a threshold mo...
The ocular motility disorder "Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 1" (CFEOM1) results from heterozygous mutations altering the motor and third coiled-coil stalk of the anterograde kinesin, KIF21A. We demonstrate that Kif21a knockin mice harboring the most common human mutation develop CFEOM. The developing axons of the oculomotor nerve's superior division stall in the proximal n...
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