Nitrosamine formation has been associated with wastewater-impacted waters, but specific precursors within wastewater effluents have not been identified. Experiments indicated that nitrosamines form in low yields from quaternary amines, and that the nitrosamines form from the quaternary amines themselves, not just lower order amine impurities. Polymeric and benzylated quaternary amines were more...

The potential enhancing effects of the regeneration response of the urothelium following ulceration of the bladder mucosa on N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine carcinogenesis were examined in male Fischer rats. The carcinogen was administered in the drinking water at a concentration of 0.05% for 2 weeks. Ulceration was performed by a freezing technique 24 hr before the administration or 24 h...

In 2007, the International Agency for Research on Cancer presented compelling evidence that linked smokeless tobacco use to the development of human oral cancer. Although these findings imply vigorous local carcinogen metabolism, little is known about levels and distribution of phase I, II, and III (drug egress) enzymes in human oral mucosa. In this study here, we integrated clinical data, and ...

Our studies using 3,4-dichlorobenzenethiol as a probe for methylating agent production during exposure of /v-nitrosodimethylamine to rat liver S-9 preparations produced results dif ferent from those of an investigation reported in the literature. Methyl-3,4-dichlorophenyl thioether was detected, but the quan tities found were not significantly different from the background levels of methylation...

A major proportion of bacterial types, common in the gastrointestinal tract of many animals and man, were active in degrading diphenylnitrosamine and dimethylnitrosamine, the former being degraded more rapidly than the latter. At low nitrosamine concentrations (is less than 0.05 micronmol/ml), approximately 55% of added diphenylnitrosamine, 30% of N-nitrosopyrrolidine, and 4% of dimethylnitrosa...

The interest in the carcinogenic and biological actions of N-nitroso compounds arose following the reports of the hepatotoxicity by Freund' and Barnes and Magee2 and ofcarcinogenicity (Magee and Barnes)3 of the simplest nitrosamine: N-nitrosodimethylamine (dimethylnitrosamine) and the subsequent observation of Schoental4 and Druckrey et aP on the carcinogenic action of the nitrosamides: n-methy...

Nitrosamine impurities are potentially genotoxic which considered under cohort of concern as per ICH M7 guidelines and need to be controlled at trace levels during quantification in drug substances products for safe human consumption. Recent regulatory requirements also suggest the have highly sensitive analytical methods accurate impurities. In this paper we presented simple, rapid ultra-sensi...