to investigate the effects of the two-pore-domain potassium (k2p) channel task-3 in a syngeneic murine model for malignant glioma. malignant or high-grade glioma (who grade iii and iv) are the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumors in adults. despite aggressive multimodal therapy, the outcome of patients with malignant glioma remains poor. however, recent phase i and ii trials hav...

Insulin receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) is one of the major substrates for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) tyrosine kinases. Systemic Irs1-deficient mice show retardation, with resistance to IGF-1, although underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. For this study, we generated brain-specific deletion Irs1 (NIrs1KO mice). The NIrs1KO exhibited lower body weights, shorter bodie...

BBackground: We have previously reported that immunization with GRA 2 antigen of Toxoplasma gondii induces protective immunity in CBA /J (H2k) and BALB/c mice (H2d). We aimed to examine whether immunization of a distinct strain of rodent with recombinant dense granule antigens (GRA2) combined with monophosphorryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant elicits protective immune response against T. gondii. Metho...

background: probiotics are microorganisms that may influence brain function via altering brain neurochemistry. new research evidence suggests that probiotic bacteria might protect tissue damage through diminishing the production of free radicals and/or inflammatory cytokines. therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of probiotic bacteria on the prevention or reduction of brain...

Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan), is a citrus species grown in Ehime, Japan, and its peel abundant 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF). We have recently revealed that HMF, one of the flavonoids, has anti-inflammatory activity neuroprotective abilities brain against global cerebral ischemia. HMF rescued neuronal cell death hippocampus suppressed activation microglia, whose been shown t...

Two-pore domain potassium channels, like KCNK2, are known to play an important role in inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Upregulation of cellular adhesion molecules in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (MBMECs) of Kcnk2-/- mice resulted in elevated leukocyte trafficking into the central nervous system under inflammatory conditions. The current project aims to gain...

Dementia is one of the age related mental problems and a characteristic symptom of various neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease. Desmodium gangeticum DC. (Leguminosae) is widely used in Ayurveda for treating various neurological disorders. In the present study, the effectiveness of aqueous extract of D. gangeticum in attenuating scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice was inves...

Objective(s): Ceftriaxone (Cef), a beta-lactam antibiotic, is accompanied by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that Cef has beneficial effects on Alzheimer’s disease. In the current investigation, the effect of Cef in a mice model of aging was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty male mice were equally...

Introduction: Several reports show a relationship between health equity, and health status and longevity of individuals. In this study, effects of food deprivation, inequality and social instability were investigated on the formation of lipofuscin pigment in Balb/C mice by histopathological and biochemical methods. Methods: Thirty-six male mice were divided into 6 groups, then different kind...

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIM Chronic gut inflammation such as inflammatory bowel diseases is thought being associated with neurodegenerative in humans. The direct evidence for and the underlying mechanism of this brain-gut interaction, however, remain elusive. METHODS We used manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) to assess brain functional activity from awake freely moving mice. ...