�e correlation between increasedWest African monsoon rainfall and anomalously low surface pressure over the Sahara is well established in observations and global climatemodels, and has been interpreted as a strengthening of the Saharan Heat Low (SHL) during wet monsoon years.�is study uses two atmospheric reanalysis datasets to examine interannual variability of Sahel rainfall and the shallow S...

Recent studies on the influence of the anomalous gravity field in GNSS/INS applications have shown that neglecting the impact of the deflection of vertical in aerial surveys induces horizontal and vertical errors in the measurement of an object that is part of the observed scene; these errors can vary from a few tens of centimetres to over one meter. The works reported in the literature refer t...

The GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer) has signifi cantly upgraded the knowledge on the Earth gravity fi eld. In this contribution the accuracy of height anomalies determined from Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) based on approximately 27 months GOCE satellite gravity gradiometry (SGG) data have been assessed over Poland using three sets of precise GNSS/levelling ...

Dynamical coupling between the stratospheric and tropospheric circumpolar circulations in the Arctic has beenwidely documented onmonth-to-month and interannual time scales, but not on longer time scales. In the Antarctic, both shortand long-term coupling extending from the stratosphere to the surface has been identified. In this study, changes in Arctic temperature, geopotential height, and ozo...

Antarctic polar descent and planetary wave activity in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere are observed in ISAMS CO data from April to July 1992. COderived mean April-to-May upper stratosphere descent rates of 15 K/day (0.25 km/day) at 60S and 20 K/day (0.33 km/day) at 80S are compared with descent rates from diabatic trajectory analyses. At 60S there is excellent agreement, while at 80...