Abstract The widespread Uralic family offers several advantages for tracing prehistory: a firm absolute chronological anchor point in an ancient contact episode with well-dated Indo-Iranian; other points of intersection or diagnostic non-intersection early Indo-European (the Late Proto-Indo-European-speaking Yamnaya culture the western steppe, Afanasievo upper Yenisei, and Fatyanovo middle Volg...

The article reveals information obtained on the basis of language philosophy, synergetic approach and systematic analysis linguistic extralinguistic factors Indo-European word formation by large prehistoric proto-Ukrainian communities their own names, inherited in Ukrainian as horonyms Bessarabia, Bukovina, Halychyna (Galicia), Hutsulschyna, (Hutsulia), Carpaty (Carpathians).

Many languages show systematic marking for evidentiality, indicating the source of a speaker’s information, the modality by which that information was gained, and the speaker’s stance towards the veracity of the information. Among the meanings expressed through such markings are quotativity, distance, reportedness, surprise, eyevs. ear-witness, and in general any sort of “mediation” by the spea...

English language is a part of wider, Indo-European, family languages. It Germanic group languages that, alongside many other groups, originated from the reconstructed Proto – Indo European language. was tribes Angles and Saxons which inhabited Britain in 5th century after withdrawal Romans. The encompasses such as Dutch, German, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian Icelandic English. people once close co...

This paper adapts the similarity avoidance analysis developed by Frisch, Pierrehumbert and Broe (2004) for Arabic to account for co-occurrence restrictions in the set of reconstructed verbal roots of Proto-IndoEuropean (PIE). Completion of the two components of the similarity avoidance methodology – the identification of consonantal co-occurrence restrictions through quantification of overand u...

Abstract It is widely thought that (i) Proto-Indo-European had *- mon -stem nominals formed by internal derivation from neuter men -stems and (ii) these were characterized “amphikinetic” inflection, thus stressed full-grade of the root in their strong case forms (*R( é )- -). This paper challenges latter claim, arguing instead stem-final stress e ) -món I adduce prosodic evidence support this a...

The present article investigates the problem of reflexes Proto-Indo-European labiovelars in Ancient Greek. There have been numerous discussions issue, both concerning origin such a set changes and also about precise formulation its outcomes possible analogical changes. data is drawn from variety Greek dialects which reflect different prehistoric labiovelars. It discussed at length whether hypot...