The interface between ice and fluid can become unstable devolve into cyclic steps bounded by hydraulic jumps. These are created flowing water or wind over the surface. This study presents an analytical model to reproduce We apply four governing equations: momentum equation, continuity heat transfer equation in water, energy balance (the Stefan equation). After calculation, we generate variation...

Properties of the abyssal current Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) from Vema Channel are studied based on temperature, salinity, and velocity profiler (CTD/LADCP) data. Previous studies over a period almost 30 years revealed that very intense AABW exists in Channel. Later, it was found this consists two branches. One branch spreads bottom channel; other is elevated western wall channel. The deepes...

Three-dimensional graphene foam (GF) is synthesized by CVD. When water flows through GF, electricity is induced. The direction of the induced current is dominated by the flow direction of water; the value of induced current is related to the flow velocity but has no relationship with the flow direction and external bias voltage.

By immersing a compliant yet self-supporting sheet into flowing water, we study a heavy, streamlined, and elastic body interacting with a fluid. We find that above a critical flow velocity a sheet aligned with the flow begins to flap with a Strouhal frequency consistent with animal locomotion. This transition is subcritical. Our results agree qualitatively with a simple fluid dynamical model th...