High-resolution mesoscale and microscale simulations of wave breaking and laminated structures induced by mountain waves in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) are presented for two Intensive Observational Periods (IOPs) of the Terrain-induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX). To resolve multi-scale nonlinear processes in the UTLS, vertical nesting and refined vertical gridding have bee...

The triple jump is an athletic event involving three ground contact phases during which athletes must trade off the maintenance of horizontal velocity against the generation of vertical velocity. Previous studies have indicated that individual athletes have a linear relationship between the loss in horizontal velocity and the gain in vertical velocity during each phase. This study used computer...

Background and aim: Considering the widespread development of implants in dental treatment plans, linear measurements on panoramic radiography are of especial importance. In the present study we investigated the effect of head misalignment up to 15° around vertical and horizontal axes on the magnification rate of digital panoramic radiography in each part of upper and lower jaws. Materia...

in exploration seismology, migration refers to a multi-channel processing step that attempts to spatially re-position events and improve focusing. before migration, seismic data is usually displayed with traces plotted at the surface location of the receivers and with a vertical time axis. this means that dipping reflections are systematically mispositioned in the lateral coordinate and the ver...

the first step in studying dust events is the estimation of dust emission from sources. in this study, the simulations of the vertical dust flux (vdf) over iran by the mba (marticorena, bergametti, and alfaro) and shao schemes are compared. the mba scheme is energy-based and derived on the basis of energy balance between the kinetic energy of saltating particles and binding energy of the surfac...

abstract background and aim: considering the widespread development of implants in dental treatment plans, linear measurements on panoramic radiography are of especial importance. in the present study we investigated the effect of head misalignment up to 15° around vertical and horizontal axes on the magnification rate of digital panoramic radiography in each part of upper and lower jaws. mater...

In this paper, free convection flow and heat transfer of nanofluids of differently-shaped nano-sized particles over a vertical plate at very low and high Prandtl numbers are analyzed.  The governing systems of nonlinear partial differential equations of the flow and heat transfer processes are converted to systems of nonlinear ordinary differential equation through similarity transformations. T...

The total quasigeostrophic (QG) vertical motion field is partitioned into transverse and shearwise couplets oriented parallel to, and along, the geostrophic vertical shear, respectively. The physical role played by each of these components of vertical motion in the midlatitude cyclone life cycle is then illustrated by examination of the life cycles of two recently observed cyclones. The analysi...

In gravity below Earth-normal, a person should be able to take higher leaps in running. We asked 10 subjects to run on a treadmill in five levels of simulated reduced gravity and optically tracked centre-of-mass kinematics. Subjects consistently reduced ballistic height compared with running in normal gravity. We explain this trend by considering the vertical take-off velocity (defined as maxim...