A novel scheme is proposed to extend the sensing range of Brillouin optical time-domain analyzers (BOTDA). Specially-designed erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) repeaters are located every 65km fiber along the sensing cable to achieve a total sensing length of 325km, corresponding to a 650km loop. At the end of the sensing fibre, we experimentally demonstrated a measurement repeatability of 2°...

The field of optics has a drastic impact in the field of electronics and communication. With the rising need for higher data transfer rate, optical advancements have served this purpose. Optical amplifiers play a crucial role in the amplification of signal at regular intervals to avoid loss of data. Erbium doped fiber amplifiers (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) carry out the amplification by stim...

The temperature dependence of a Faraday rotator mirror (FRM) used in a reflective erbium doped fiber amplifier(R-EDFA) is reported in this paper. The influence of this dependence on the polarization state (PS) of amplified optical signals is also discussed.

A hybrid C+L band erbium-doped fiber amplifier/Raman fiber amplifier (EDFA/RFA) is constructed by sharing common 1480 nm pump source(s). It is based on three-level amplification mechanism in the C band and Raman shift amplification mechanism the in L band, respectively. The gain spectra of C+L band are flattened by optimally dividing the pump power ratio of 1:29 for EDFA/RFA. Gain variation is ...

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers ~EDFAs! have been intensively studied for wavelength-division-multiplexing ~WDM! communication systems. The stabilization of the amplifier gain against the input signal-power variation is one of the key issues for WDM networks. The gainstabilizing technique using a passive optical feedback device, such as a bandpass filter or a fiber Bragg grating, has been reporte...

We show, using nonlinearity management, that the optimal performance in high-bit-rate dispersion-managed fiber systems with hybrid amplification is achieved for a specific amplifier spacing that is different from the asymptotically vanishing length corresponding to ideally distributed amplification [Opt. Lett. 15, 1064 (1990)]. In particular, we prove the existence of a nontrivial optimal span ...

A cost effective method of generating multi-wavelength based on the cascaded four wave mixing effect is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed scheme is free from external tunable laser sources and pump modulators, resulting from the use of a broadened linewidth tunable dual wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser as intracavity pump. In this configuration, the number of four wave mixing cascade...

As in bulk amplifiers, the onset of nonlinear effects when amplifying ultra-short pulses in fiber amplifiers has been pointed out and investigated by several groups, specifically in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers ( EDFAs) [ l-3 1. Researchers have in fact used the Kerr nonlinearity in conjunction with group velocity dispersion in order to create even shorter pulses via higher-order soliton forma...

The tremendous growth of the high speed Internet and data traffic has created an enormousdemand for transmission bandwidth of dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) opticalcommunication systems. The conventional optical amplifiers, such as the erbium doped fiber amplifier(EDFA) and Raman amplifier, are the vital components for DWDM system. Hybrid optical amplifiersuse where it is necessar...

It is now almost twenty-five years since the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) was demonstrated. Currently, the EDFA is one of the most important elements widely used in different kinds of fiber-optic communication systems. However, driven by a constantly increasing demand, the network traffic, growing exponentially over decades, will lead to the overload of these systems ("capacity cru...