The objective of this study was to evaluate how the vehicles of choice affect the pharmacokinetics of orally administered Fluoranthene [FLA] in rats. Fluoranthene is a member of the family of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon chemicals. Fluoranthene exposure to humans may occur as a result of cigarette smoking, consumption of contaminated food and water, heating woods in stoves and boilers, indus...

Influence of alloxan induced metabolic disorder on the biodisposition kinetics of a weakly acidic drug sulphadiazine was investigated in rabbits. In 12 rabbits, mean +/- SD blood pH was 7.45 +/- 0.05, plasma glucose 123 +/- 10.6 mg%, plasma total lipids 336 +/- 124 mg% and plasma urea 36 +/- 6 mg%. After treatment with 150 mg/kg alloxan intravenously the blood pH was 7.20 +/- 0.06, plasma gluco...

Experiments were conducted in sheep to determine excretory characteristics of sodium chlorate after a single oral dose. In Exp. 1, lambs (n = 16; age = 8.1 ± 1.7 d; BW = 8.2 ± 1.1 kg; mean ± SD) were dosed orally with 0, 30, 60, or 90 mg/kg BW of sodium chlorate. Twenty-four hours after exposure chlorate residues were dose dependent (P < 0.05) in small intestinal contents, serum, and urine, but...

The most prevalent use of a radioactive tracer is to assess specific organ function for diagnostic purpose. This analysis is performed by obtaining a time-activity curve of the tracer and then developing an appropriate mathematical model for disposition kinetics of the tracer. This article provides an introductory guide to several aspects of this method, which has been successfully applied in v...

Pharmacokinetic parameters of amoxicillin were studied in healthy fasted subjects afqer both oral and intravenous administration of a single 500-mg dose. Serum levels and urinary excretion rates were determined at various time intervals by a microbiological method. The conventional two-compartment model with elimination occurring from the central compartment was used to analyze the data. Mean v...

The aim of this study was to define the determinants of the linear hepatic disposition kinetics of propranolol optical isomers using a perfused rat liver. Monensin was used to abolish the lysosomal proton gradient to allow an estimation of propranolol ion trapping by hepatic acidic vesicles. In vitro studies were used for independent estimates of microsomal binding and intrinsic clearance. Hepa...

The effects of dose and duration of drug administration (time) on the disposition kinetics of quinidine were investigated in unanesthetized rhesus monkeys. A specific thin-layer chromatography-fluorometric assay was developed for the determination of quinidine in plasma, blood and urine. After the monkeys receive an i.v. bolus dose of 3 to 7 mg/kg, quinidine distributes rapidly in the body (T 1...

Oral Absorption and Disposition Kinetics of Lidocaine Hydrochloride in Dogs. R. N. BOYES, H. J. ADAMS AND B. R. DUCE 1 Maternal and Fetal Distribution of H3-Dihydromorphine in the Tolerant and Nontolerant Rat. S. Y. YEH AND L. A. WOODS 9 Retention of Inhaled Acetaldehyde in Man. JOHN L. EGLE, JR 14 Efflux of Chiorpromazine and Trifluoperazine from the Rat Brain. P. F. SPANO, N. H. NEFF, E. MACK...