Data Acquisition Front Ends Data acquisition systems differ from single or dualchannel instruments in several ways. They can measure and store data collected from hundreds of channels simultaneously. However, the majority of systems contain from eight to 32 channels, typically in multiples of eight. By comparison, a simple voltmeter that can select a measurement among several different ranges c...

This paper proposes two interesting applications of the approach to uncertainty evaluation and representation in terms of Random-Fuzzy Variables. One covers the expression of the calibration uncertainty of gauge blocks, and one considers unknown temperature variations, with respect to temperature at calibration time, in expressing a voltmeter uncertainty. Both considered examples show that the ...

Methods of measurements of surface electric charges and potentials using electrostatic fieldmeters and voltmeters are discussed. The differences and similarities between those methods are presented. The AC-feedback voltmeter is also described as an unique method that combines advantages of both fieldmeters and voltmeters.