The basic CoSMoS process concerns the design, implementation, and use of a simulation built from scratch. However, the CoSMoS approach may be tailored and adapted for other styles of use. Here we describe how it has been applied to analyse and re-engineer an existing simulation, that of Schelling’s Bounded Neighbourhood Model. We find that using a principled approach to the analysis of an exist...

Computer simulation approaches are starting to be used more extensively throughout scientific investigations. Some scientists, however, are skeptical about the benefits of simulation. We present computer simulation as a scientific instrument in order to explore issues of their construction and use, which we believe might increase their acceptance within science. We highlight the need to underst...

S OF COSMOS PROJECTS

In this article, a broad perspective of supernovae, their classification and mechanism is given. Later, the astrophysical significance of supernovae is discussed in brief.

We analyze the global structure of a family of Einstein-Maxwell solutions parametrized by mass, charge and cosmological constant. In a qualitative classification there are: (i) generic black-hole solutions, describing a Wheeler wormhole in a closed cosmos of spatial topology S × S; (ii) generic naked-singularity solutions, describing a pair of “point” charges in a closed cosmos; (iii) extreme b...

In this work, different global optimization techniques are assessed for the automated development of molecular force fields, as used in molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. The quest of finding suitable force field parameters is treated as a mathematical minimization problem. Intricate problem characteristics such as extremely costly and even abortive simulations, noisy simulation re...

Albert Einstein was a subjectivistic mathematical idealist. His physics consisted of mathematical models of the subject’s ideas—his sensations and measurements. Einstein’s “objective reality” was intersubjective reality—the experiences about which various observers could agree. His “causes” were mental constructs created to systematize the observers’ experiences. He modeled reality as it was ex...