— This paper looks at the concept of law and urban development with a focus on property rights and land, exploring the potential collective rights in the public domain to underpin a more equitable approach to the management of public space and challenge inappropriate regulation that criminalizes the lives of the poor. The focus is on street trade and the informal economy. The hypotheses are tha...

Recent results have shown that the generalization error of structured predictors decreases with both the number of examples and the size of each example, provided the data distribution has weak dependence and the predictor exhibits a smoothness property called collective stability. These results use an especially strong definition of collective stability that must hold uniformly over all inputs...

While much attention has been given to examining various aspects of poverty, a number of studies have shown that institutional environment in which the poor exist conditions welfare outcomes, thus highlighting the inherently crucial importance of institutions for poverty reduction. The institutions of property rights and collective action are among those identified as playing a major role in th...

We study collective choice when individuals have heterogeneous discounted utilitarian preferences. Two attractive properties of intertemporal preferences are indistinguishable for individuals, but have dramatically different implications for collective choice. Time Consistency requires a plan that is optimal at one evaluation date to be optimal at all later evaluation dates, while Time Invarian...

Under what circumstances will villagers co-operate to supply themselves with goods and services that they all need but could not provide for themselves individually? In what circumstances are those who face a potential 'tragedy of the commons' able to organise a system of rules by which the tragedy is averted? Many writers on collective action and common property consider that these circumstanc...

Formal models for group knowledge can help philosophers gain additional insight into the ramifications of the philosophical concepts that they propose by clarifying the abstract properties of these concepts and their relationship to alternative proposals. To date, however, formal treatments of group knowledge have remained largely disjointed from the related philosophical discussions and are th...

This essay examines the applicability of international human rights instruments as legal basis to protect indigenous land, territories, and natural resources non-ratification countries Convention on peoples’ rights, especially Indonesian context. In last few decades, United Nations has developed recognized peoples, including their ancestral lands, resources. These have been stipulated in severa...